April 8 - 14, 2013: Issue 355

Motor car Tours to and in Pittwater Show us the way this place once was

While researching  The Wild Coachmen Of Pittwater - A Long And Sometimes Bumpy Ride On Tracks Instead Of Roads the change from horse drawn vehicles to motorised ones, motor cars and omnibuses overlapped these forms of transportation to Pittwater, although riding in a horse drawn coach to our area remained in place long after the first motor vehicles appeared.  

Pittwater was one of the places some of these earliest owners of these vehicles would 'take a tour' to, and some became residents and were noted for being among the first, if not the first owners of motor cars in Australia. Working out who the first resident to own one locally may never be known without causing disputes which are hidden in the annals of family photo albums.

What does stand out is there is quite a few of these images and reports that show us, alike great old black and white films, what is in the background and what is happening there; the weather, the landscape, the fashions - only in collecting all these together in an all compass points direction and arranging them by years going forward, we can see, yes; Pittwater!

There are some amusing anecdotes among these reports, some beautiful vehicles, although you may not want to be riding in one of the early open chaise lounge versions in the middle of a cold raining winter's day, and they present a side of our society too as more people would begin to acquire what was and remains an expensive item and travel here to raise car-camps during the frugal 1930's or find it hard going to get here at all on roads that were mostly unsealed and dusty stone threaded tracks for decades after the 'motor boom'.

The first car built in Australia seems to have been a steam-powered one and was either the four wheel Phaeton, wooden bodied steam car built by Herbert Thomson. Originally constructed in 1896-99 and exhibited in Victoria & New South Wales, or that built by South australian farm implement manufacturer David Shearer, of Mannum, River Murray, which also is stated to have first been built in 1896 and was run on Mallee wood. More on those below.

According to information gleaned from Mark Foy’s niece Mary Shaw by motoring historian Bill Boldiston, at the turn of the 19th century Mr. Foy asked his friend Bill Elliott, who lived in France, to purchase a motor car for him. Mark Foy had land and a home at Bayview. His youngest sister Sophie, through her marriage to James Joseph Smith, had also been a visitor to Pittwater and the family had a property called 'Trincomalee' at Elvina Bay, while sister Alice married James Joseph Macken, a family still well known here, who have been associated with Collaroy and Coasters for around a hundred years.

Mr. Elliott purchased an 1899 3hp De Dion Voiturette Vis a Vis motor car in London for Mark Foy, costing 175 pounds and 10 shillings and a further 9.13.10 worth of accessories on January 26, 1900. It arrived in Sydney on April 27 and cleared Sydney customs on May 15 that year. The vehicle seems to have been the first motor car imported into NSW.


Written on the rear of the original print is From Miss M. McGahey, Bayview, NSW. (Miss M McGahey was one of his grand-daughters via first daughter Maxine. Ed.)  Car belonged to late Mr. Mark Foy while the front reads – in Mark Foy’s hand? – Car I bought from Mass(?). French car about 1901(?) in Sydney. £150. Photo owned by David Manson and sourced from Serpolette's Tricycle, The Early Motor in Australiasia, Newsletter, No 6, December 2012 who state Mark Foy is a "pioneer NSW motorist Mark Foy".


Mark Foy (far right) in his Panhard 1901

After opening Medlow Bath, his “Palace in the wilderness’’ in 1904, Foy and another nearby hotel owner and keen motorist, Tom Rodriquez, began a daily service to Jenolan Caves featuring Foy’s latest import, a 10hp Panhard et Levassor. Mr. Foy then imported two Milnes-Daimlers in chassis form, which became Charabancs, and offered hotel guests motor tours.



He later bought three Bedelia French cyclecars, which he kept at his Megalong Valley property, Valley Farm. The vehicles were made available to guests who wished to indulge in motor racing on the nearby Medlow Showground circuit. Foy’s next purchase, a 1910 Fiat Tipo Zero, so impressed him that he became an agent for the brand.

Not only did he compete in the first ever marathon car race in Australia from Sydney to Melbourne he also had the knack for using his collection at Medlow Baths as well as selling it off when it suited:

MOTORING. DUNLOP RELIABILITY RACE. TWO CARS WRECKED. GUNDAGAI, Wednesday -The section of the Dunlop Reliability Motor Race today from Goulburn to Gundagai, through beautiful country and on comparatively good roads, was not accomplished with
out stirring incidents. Two Victorian competitors for the Buchanan Trophy met with accidents, and there is no prospect of either car concerned being repaired for the three remaining sections. A third Victorian, Mr. H. J. Stevens, again proved himself to be the speediest motorist on the road. He went for speed, and notched a great performance when the long hill climbing is taken into account. The first batch of motorcycles was despatched at a quarter to 7 o'clock. By 8  o' clock nearly 30 cycles or cars were on the road. Mr. Mark Foy, whose car suffered on Tuesday, was a late starter, with one or two others. MOTORING. (1905, February 23). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1956), p. 5. Retrieved  from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article9885216

A GOOD IDEA. MARK FOY'S MOTORS,  FROM MEDLOW BATH. Regarding the UNRESERVED SALE of the 15 MOTORCARS of Mr. MARK FOY, who is leaving for England, a good idea is suggested, and will be carried out, SALE ON THE LAWNS OF "EU-MEMMERING," BELLEVUE HILL, near Tram Terminus, 7th SEPTEMBER-WEDNESDAY. CARS ON VIEW: Sunday, Monday,Tuesday, and Wednesday. INTENDING PURCHASERS can have a trial on the stiff hills in the neighbourhood to show that all is right with the cars. As all the famous Medlow Bath drivers, who are the best in Australia, will be temporarily out of work, and attending the Sale to show the cars off, they will instruct any purchaser of a Car how to drive it, and give them, if it is necessary, ONE WEEK'S LESSON IN THE PARK FOR ONE GUINEA. If you are a buyer you will thusly get the most expert training in driving your purchased Car in a manner as not to injure it until you become your-self thoroughly experienced. Advertising. (1910, September 1). The Sydney Morning Herald(NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15183655

MOTOR CARS. On the Lawn of EUMEMMERING HALL, BELLEVUE BILL.Under favoured instructions received from MARK FOY, ESQ., Consequent upon his early departure for Europe,The Whole of his FINE COLLECTION OF MOTOR CARS, of Various Manufacture. Including: TWO 18-31 H.P. FIAT CARS. TWO 10-12 H.P. FIAT CARS. 15-22 NEW CABRIOLET STOEWER CAR. This Car has not run 1500 miles, fitted with C..A.A'.Lighting Set, and is the most perfectly fitted Car in the State.  TWO 8-10 H.P. DE DION CARS. 12-10 H.P. LIMOUSINE N.A.G. CAR. 10-12 H.P. STOEWER CAR. Detailed particulars set out in Catalogues, which can be obtained from the Auctioneers, or will be posted on application. BARNARD AND CO. will sell by auction as above.
POSITIVELY WITHOUT RESERVE. Auctioneers' Offices, 77 Castlereagh-st. Advertising. (1913, March 31). The Sydney Morning Herald(NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 2. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15409004

The one time resident of Bayview clearly took 'tours':

MR. MARK FOYS TOUR.
Writing to a friend In Sydney, Mr. Mark Foy gives some very interesting particulars of his tour to Melbourne In the big Flat car. Lucky, indeed, was Mr. Foy to have so reliable and well-fitted-up a vehicle, for the travelling baa certainly not been anything in the way of a royal progress so far. Mr. Foy says, Inter alia :

'We arrived to-night (22nd Inst.), doing about 700 miles in three days, in heavy rain; the roads are all wet and slippery. We drove down the South Coast to Nowra, up the big hill (the Cambewarra Mountain), and on via Kangaroo Valley to Moss Vale, then to Goulburn and Gundagai, where rain started on the worst part of the whole road. But, the car being completely covered, and having plenty of rugs and wraps, not to say other necessaries, we were quite snug, and on the whole Journey did not touch a nut, or even have to pump up a tyre. Miles and miles of slush and mud, and In many creeks where bridges had been burnt in bush fires, we had to ford them and wriggle up the slippery banks. Yet we never had to leave our comfortable seats except to camp out at nights. 'Our best run was 105 miles in five hours; so you see we do not rush along. The Fiat sang her way Into Melbourne from Seymour to-day In sheets of rain and driving wind squalls ; yet we were as cosy as If In a drawing-room. Plenty of room for luggage, passengers, etc. She is, par excellence, the best car I ever saw. Never gives the tiniest bit of trouble, except to oil all round every morning, and fill up the petrol tank every 200 miles.' 

This is the first report to hand from Mr. Foy, and shows that conditions were, indeed, adverse. On Monday week, when the start was made, the weather was bleak and showery, with sloppy streets and Mr. Foy and his party are to be commended on their courage In facing the dispiriting conditions throughout their drive.


MR. A. E. FORSTER'S DE DION.
One of the latest pattern De Dion cars, which have only reached the city lately, Is Illustrated to-day. It la Mr. A. E. Forster's 8 h.p. car, a size of vehicle which Is gaining rapidly in popularity owing to its many desirable features. It Is a pretty little car — color dark green, lined with light green, and with black mouldings — light, fast, comfortable, and last, but decidedly not' least, economical both as to its first cost and subsequent up-keep. As will be seen, it is very taking to the eye. The car is a good hill-climber, and can be depended on to average 20 miles an hour. On favorable roads, it Is quite capable of a burst of 25 miles. As an adjunct to touring, it is fitted with tyres something larger than those usually included in the equipment of a car of its power. The engine is the very latest genuine De Dion, having the company's famous expanding clutch, and three speeds forwards, with reverse. Full control of the management is provided on the steering column, ready to the driver's hand. The engine is water cooled, with ordinary type of radiator. Other features aro the long, comfort-giving springs, De Dion Cardan -Jointed rear axle, hands and pedal breaks, &c. It is Mr. Forster's Intention to go in largely for country touring in his new car.
MR. A. E.-FORSTER'S 8-h.p. DE DION. MOTORING NOTES (1906, June 27).Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 - 1939), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120327093 

MR. MARK FOY'S FIAT.

Mr. Mark Foy is well-known as the owner of probably the largest 'stud' of motor-cars in Australia. The 16 h.p. 4cyl. Fiat illustrated to-day is his latest acquirement, and has already established itself easily his favorite. In fact, he says himself that, in one way and another, he had had a good deal of trouble with other cars, and was getting quite disgusted with them ; but this one has quite revived his enthusiasm.
The car was briefly described as having just been unpacked at the Motor Mart, and that description, together with our illustration, conveys a very fair impression of its up-to-dateness. The work put into the body is remarkably fine, and tho car, of course, is speedy. Altogether, Mr. Foy is to be congratulated on having secured so fine a vehicle as the 16 h.p. Fiat. MR. MARK FOY'S FIAT. (1907, March 20).Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 - 1939), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120344333 

If Mr. Foy made a 'tour' out here in his May 1901 landed motor car he may have been mere months prior to one that was part of the opening, in 1901, of a cycle path that was a refurbishment of one that already existed a few years earlier, and finished at Newport Hotel – which was then the home of avid cyclists and proprietors, the Griegs, not the first cyclists to inhabit and run this Hotel, but that's whole other stories:

Visit picturesque Newport and dine at Greig's Hotel. The coach trip from Manly is one of the prettiest in N.S.W., and the hotel garden is an ideal place to lounge about in whilst your dinner is digesting and your cigar is helping or retarding the process. From Manly take the coach to Rock Lily, and thence for Greig's coach, which is free to passengers dining at Newport Hotel. If you are a cyclist, by all means ride your bike— the run from Manly pier is about 12 miles, and the cycling path makes the Journey easy, especially for ladies. HOLIDAY EXCURSIONS. (1901, November 10). Sunday Times(Sydney, NSW : 1895 - 1930), p. 2. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article125886153 

FAVORITE CYCLING ROUTES.

l : FROM MANLY TO NEWPORT AND BAYVIEW.

A cycling tour for an afternoon or a day, with good roads, a bracing atmosphere, and incomparable scenery is a condition which should bring Joy to the heart of any bicycle rider, beginner or old hand, novice or veteran, affecter of the drop or diamond frame. The conditions named supply the materials for the perfect short bicycle ride, and when the writer credits the coastal road between Manly and Newport, Barranjoey, or Bayview with that description, those whose good fortune it Is to know It will have no hesitation in agreeing with him. For the benefit of those who have not an Intimate acquaintance with the ins and outs of the road, Its windings, and its crossings, we to-day publish a map Illustrating the route, replete with all the information which a cyclist a’wheel can require. The road has been carefully traced out, measured, and verified by actual experience, so that It can unhesitatingly be accepted as thoroughly reliable. This map is the first of a series that we purpose publishing In our Saturday's Issues giving information about cycling routes. 

The ride may be commenced at either Manly, North Sydney, or Mosman's Bay. For the reason that the road along the North Shore ridge is known to all residents of Sydney, without further explanation It has been omitted from the map, which takes up the work of illustrating at the Spit, Middle Harbor. Here the roads from either North Sydney or Mosman's converge, and run over a good surface either Into Manly or, as the map shows, across a cut through Greendale, picking up the main Newport road a few miles down the coast. 

Newport is merely a resting-place, dotted among the hills that sweep down to the valley of the Hawkesbury, near Its mouth. It is situated on the east side of an arm of the estuary, known as Pittwater, and the few residences there have frontages to an almost landlocked harbor way of great beauty. The mouth of the Hawkesbury and the commanding heads of Broken Bay, with five miles of rolling ocean between them, are seven miles away, and along the arm of the estuary lies a succession of fascinating bays. Steeply falling hills, wooded to the water's edge, roll down and meet the bays, and the water on a hazy summer's day' takes on an Intense blue. The beauties of M'Grath's Creek, the Basin, Careel Bay, and Barranjoey are admired by all those who have visited this fairyland, and need to be seen to be understood. Words could not paint the scene which may be viewed from the heights of Barranjoey Heads on a blazing summer's afternoon, when the water takes on its deepest color, and the hills flash green, and a world of oceans seems unrolled to seaward. The majestic Lion Island and the rolling entrance to the Hawkesbury lies just below the spectator on the one hand. Seaward he gazes on the limitless Pacific, which at his feet surges on to a dazzling beach of snowy whiteness, and Inland is an entrancing vision of wooded hills and blue lakes seen through a light hazy mist. The rugged heights of Kuringai Chase roll away westward, and the lighthouse Is the only thing that makes civilisation real in the imagination. This scene is but one of the pleasures of Pitt-water, which is within an hour and a half's easy ride from the city. It is, therefore, not to he wondered at that Newport is a favorite ride. 

The ride from Manly to Newport is the one which is perhaps the most popular, for it is the shortest, and includes from Sydney a pleasant little run on the Manly harbor steamer. Newport, as explained, is on the eastern shore of Pittwater. Across the arm, a matter of half a mile or so, is a small settlement known as Bayview, the road to which has been lately very much Improved, until the run up the west side of the water has become quite as popular as the old Newport ride. Accommodation of a first-class quality may be obtained on either side. 

The run from Manly to Newport can be accomplished by cyclists of any calibre riding comfortably in an hour and a half, while tho "scorchers" can crowd It Into about 60 minutes. The journey is, of course, a longer one if North Shore or Mosman's Bay Is made the starting point. Then the high ridge running along the north shore of the harbor, and dividing the waters of Port Jackson proper from Middle Harbor Is skirted on a level road with a splendid surface, until the tract starts to fall to the level of the water at the Spit, Middle Harbor. Tills fall Is nicely graded, and can be ridden In comfort at a good speed with a brake, while the views which open up as the cyclist rushes down the incline of a sweeping valley from the ridge to the shores of what Is perhaps the most beautiful natural harbor In the world well repay him for the extra exertion of the longer ride. After the drop to the water, Middle Harbor is crossed in a Government punt at a cost of 2d. The climb up the ridge again on the east side Is not quite so well graded as that just descended, but yet is perfectly easy of negotiation when the surface is good, which is usually the case. When the ridge is climbed the rider has the option of two roads, both of which are good. He can either take the turn off to the loft through Greendale, which saves a considerable distance, and comes out between Manly and Brookvale on the Newport road, or he can go down Into Manly, and pick up the route there. The road from Manly runs out along a lovely stretch over Curl Curl Lagoon, and passes a turn off to the right, which is marked by a fingerpost — "To Harboard Estate," before the Greendale road is fallen In with. After these two roads converge the route passes over gently undulating and pretty country through Brook vale, a tiny settlement with a public school and post-office, and over the Stoney Range. This is a fair hill, and will he found to be indicated in the map by arrows. There Is a short pinch at the top, but the hill can be easily ridden, though It Is not a rise which should be rushed on account of the pinch at the top. The descent is straight and perfectly safe, even without a brake. After a short run through what is almost a natural avenue, the road opens out on to the Deewhy Lagoon, which runs In off the ocean. The road just hero for half a mile Is always bumpy, but if the rider will ease up slightly ho will experience very little inconvenience, and the bad piece does not extend far. The road then winds up a long hill In full view of the ocean, which thunders in on a fine sandy beach Just below the rider. A slight turn to the left is made on top of the kill, and the road falls away into Narrabeen; the concluding mile bolero this place is reached being ridden alongside one of the finest beaches on the coast, A short rush down bill brings the rider unexpectedly right on to this magnificent beach, and the change from winding among the trees to the continuous roar of giant rollers, which seem to dash up almost beneath the handle-bars, is an interesting incident of a pleasant ride. 

A rest may be called at Narrabeen, and, if required, refreshments obtained. There is an hotel and an accommodation house right on the road. 

Narrabeen Lakes Estate, 1906 / Arthur Rickard & Co. Ltd Auctioneers.  1906. MAP Folder 114, LFSP 1695 (Copy 1). Part 2. (sales brochure) Image No.: 22704748, courtesy National Library of Australia. 

Visit:  Charlotte Boutin and The Firecracker That Closed Narrabeen Hotel by Ken Lloyd (SavaLloyd)

The lagoon here — the upper reaches of which are famed for their scenery — is crossed immediately on leaving. The lagoon is really a big arm of the sea, which is just over a line of sandbanks about half a mile on the right. A run of a mile and a half brings the rider to the Cutting-hill, which is one of the stiffest climbs on the route. It has, however, a good surface, and over the top of this rise the road drops for halt a mile into Rocklily. There is another hotel here. A few hundred yards further on the road divides, the left-band portion leading to Bayview, on the west side of Pittwater, and that on the right hand to Newport. Following the right-hand road after a couple of not insignificant hills are climbed, the ocean is once more opened out from the top of a high cliff, and on a fine day a magnificent prospect is obtained. From this point also Pittwater on the left first becomes visible, and it appears a great lake nestling among the rolling hills. Down through a ferny glade, over a slight rise, and down another long descent, and Newport is reached. The rider has the choice of an hotel and an accommodation house for convenience. Here boats and bathing can be obtained, and the hays and coves of Pittwater afford amusement in an endless variety of ways. Good fishing is also to be obtained in the direction of Barranjoey. 

The road extends, as will be seen on an investigation of the map, on to Barranjoey, where the lighthouse is situated. The hills on this route, however, are almost unrideable, and the road is scarcely ever used by cyclists. 

The road on the Bayview side runs right along the shore of the harbor, to Church Point, a distance of two or three miles. There are two accommodation houses here, and good boats are to be obtained at the point, where there Is a splendid wharf. The road all the way is of sandstone formation, and is found at its best after heavy rain. Sometimes in continued dry weather it becomes loosened, but a shower or two of rain soon puts It right again. It can generally be described as a splendid road for cycling. None of the hills are very bad, and there are only two places on the whole route where it is necessary that, more than ordinary caution should he exercised. They are both on the Newport road. One is a hill recently graded, encountered soon after Newport is left on the return journey. It is indicated in the map by arrows. There is a sharp turn half-way down in a cutting and cyclists should not let their machines go until they are safely round this. A similar turn, though without the cutting, will be found in the Cutting-hill, between Narrabeen and Rocklily, when returning to the city. Care need be exercised to make the turn safely. Apart from these two points the road can be ridden In perfect safety by the crudest novice. 

All the cross-roads and "turn-offs" which are marked in the map are surveyed roads, but are to all Intents and purposes impracticable for cycling, as they have not been formed. Some cyclists have ridden over them, but more from a spirit of adventure than from any hope of an enjoyable ride. The distances on the map are all measured from Manly. FAVORITE CYCLING ROUTES. (1897, July 31). The Daily Telegraph (Sydney, NSW : 1883 - 1930), p. 4. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article238392082 

The new cycle track was officially opened on Saturday September 7th. The report reads, and includes, a photo of a motor car heading north:

The New Cycle Track— Manly to Pittwater. 

Pleasant conditions attended the official opening on Saturday afternoon by Mr. E. W. O'Sullivan, Minister for Works, and president of the New South Wales League of Wheelmen, of the cycle path from Manly to Pittwater, recently illustrated in ' The Mail.' The weather was beautifully fine, and the Path, as dry and resilient as a cinder path 0n a summer day.

It was arranged that a procession of motor-cars, cyclists , and drags containing non-riders, and headed by a motor-car carrying the Minister for Works, would leave the square opposite Manly pier at 3. 1'5 pm. But in  consequence of the 2.30 p.m. boat from Circular Quay, with a contingent of 300 cyclists, arriving a little late, the procession did not  not start until 3.30pm. Half an hour prior to that the Minster arrived in the steam launch Eva, With a party of visitors, who included Messrs. Price, Wilis, Levy,  T' Fitzpatrick, Donaldson, Byrne, and …

 The Minister was received by Mr. Quirk, M. L-A-, member for the district, a large number of leading residents of Manly, and the members of the Public Cycle Paths Committee -  Messrs J. R. Holdsworth (chairman)  A. Blackett Smith and  G. Corkhill of the New South Wales Touring Union,  Leslie Curnow (hon. Sec) C.A. Grocott and A. H. Short, of the New South Wales Cyclists Union, and Messrs. G. Fowle, H. Floyd, E. J. Branagan, of the New South Wales League of Wheelmen. Fully 300 residents and visitors were -assembled, and accorded Mr. O'Sullivan a hearty welcome. 

At least 500 cyclists were present, and as many of them carried flags, flowers, and streamers, a pretty effect was produced when the procession was under weigh. The procession, headed by four motor cars, moved off at a good pace, and about a mile out of Manly reached the commencement of the cycle path, the place being marked by archways erected over the paths on each side of the road, and bearing the sign' Pittwater Cycle Path, 1901 .'' A run of a mile brought the procession to Greendale, where the opening ceremony was to be performed. The hon. secretary of the Public Cycle Paths Committee, Mr. Leslie Curnow, who has been indefatigable in his efforts to have the path constructed, and to see that the opening ceremony was performed under the most favourable conditions, had the place decorated with flags and streamers, so that it presented a very pretty appearance. One could see by the rapid pace at which the cyclists bowled along the path that it Was in good order, and fast. When further consolidated by cycle traffic it will become still faster, and if arrangements are made to keep it in good order the cyclists of New South Wales will be under a debt of gratitude to the untiring labours of the path committee for providing a pleasant run through some of the most beautiful coast line scenery to be found in the State. 

The cyclists and visitors having gathered round a temporary platform provided for the occasion, Mr. Quirk, M.L.A., called upon the Minister for Works to declare the cycle path open. The Minister for Works, who was received with cheers, said that on behalf of the people of Manly, as well as the cyclists of New South Wales, he had great pleasure in declaring the Manly to Pittwater cycle path open for all time. (Applause.) It might not be known to all present that it was one of the longest cycle paths in the world. In America the paths ranged from 4 to 17 miles long, in Dunedin they were 7 miles, and in Victoria 15 miles long, but the Manly to Pittwater cycle path, counting 10 miles out from Manly on one side of the road, and 10 miles in on the other side, was 20 miles long.


CYCLISTS ON PATH.


GOING OFF TO GREENDALE.

The New Cycle Track—Manly to Pittwater. (1901, September 14). The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1871 - 1912), p. 674. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article165237862

NB: Greendale was just out of Manly:

OPENING A CHURCH AT GREENDALE.

A new Wesleyan Church, was opened on Saturday at Greendale, a few miles out of Manly. The building was erected by Messrs. Mingay and Wilkinson, a Manly firm. The Rev. J. E. Moulton (Newington College), the Rev. J. H. Lewin (minister in charge of the Manly district), and the Rev- J. Woolnousjh conducted the dedication service on Saturday, when the .fine weather induced a large crowd to assemble. The tea meeting and social gathering that followed was well attended. As a fitting ending to the dedicatory service a meeting was held in the evenii g, Mr. E. J. Wild presiding. The Revs. J. E. Moalton, J. Woolnough, J. H. Lewin, Messrs. D. Ogilvy, and J. Warner delivered addresses, and Misses Bagnall, Jacobie. and Miles, Mrs. Martin, Messrs. A. Miles, F. Maine, and E. H. Stoney, and Rev. K Masterton rendered instrumental and vocal items. Serviceable help was given during the day by Mesdames Evans, Barden, M'Carthy, Martin, Newton, and Howlett, and Misses Jones, Miles, Alderton, and Bagnall. Opening services were held on Sunday, and the Rev. J. E. Moulton and J. H. Lewin were the ministers. OPENING A CHURCH AT GREENDALE. (1898, August 8). Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article113250900

MANLY-GREENDALE TRAM.

TO THE EDITOR.

Sir; On behalf of residents of North Manly, Greendale, Freshwater, and neighborhood, I write to Invite attention to the fact that although the rails of the proposed tramway to Greendale, Narrabeen. etc.. have been laid as far as Curl Curl Lagoon, it would appear as though pressure is being brought to bear to delay the completion of the first section to Greendale, as the lines are being covered with rosd metal, and operations have been suspended at the present terminus near the lagoon. There is considerable settlement in the vicinity of Greendale that would be greatly benefited by being connected with Manly, and the city, by means of the tram, and if it would not pay to adopt a frequent time-table, there would be good reason for a service in the morning and evening, and occasionally throughout the day.— Yours, etc., T. K. HARRIS. MANLY-GREENDALE TRAM. (1902, August 13). The Daily Telegraph (Sydney, NSW : 1883 - 1930), p. 11. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237615011

THE OPENING CEREMONY. 

A cycle path, 20 miles in length, 10 miles either way, between Manly and Pittwater, was opened on September 7, when over 1,500 wheelmen from all parts of New South Wales attended. It was opened by the Minister of Works. Mr. E W O'Sullivan.

A NEW SYDNEY CYCLE PATH. 

THE PITTWATER CYCLE PATH. A NEW SYDNEY CYCLE PATH. (1901, September 14). The Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), p. 29. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article139746417 

The interest in cycling during this period cannot be underestimated - motor cars were being seen but most people could not afford such luxuries - bicycles were the way to get around. Having been touted as being used in the Boer War to great effect, and races and clubs springing up everywhere, it is no surprise the area of Pittwater was made accessible for those who wanted cycling-camping trips away within their budgets. 

The rise in popularity, and its being followed by local press, affords us, 116 years on, with some lovely early photographs of Pittwater:

Manly to Pittwater Cycle Path.

The views we publish afford an idea of the beautiful district which is opening up for cyclists by the construction of the Manly to Pittwater Cycle Path. The Public Cycle Paths Committee deserve the thanks of all cyclists, for by means of their efforts sufficient funds have been collated to pay half the Cost of the path. The work was generously carried out by the Government….. The Manly to Pittwater path is the second constructed under the auspices of the Public Cycle Paths Committee, and in the future the movement is expected to greatly extend. 

1 A glimpse of coast scenery from Newport-road. 2. Bay View from Newport Wharf. 3. Bush scene near Newport. 4. View near Terminus at Pittwater. 5. Broken Bay. VIEWS NEAR TERMINUS OF MANLY-PITTWATER CYCLE PATHS. Manly to Pittwater Cycle Path. (1901, August 24). The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1871 - 1912), p. 478. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article165234800 

 

THE MANLY-PITTWATER CYCLE PATHS. 

1. An ideal bicycle stretch near Pittwater. 2. The Lagoons, Narrabeen. 

3. Dee Why Hill. 

4. At Narrabeen. 

THE MANLY-PITTWATER CYCLE PATHS. (1901, August 24). The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1871 - 1912), p. 479. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article165234777

However 'Cook's tours' gives us one of our earlier insights into a motor car in Pittwater with Pittwater featuring:

Round Sydney - BY Motor Car - A Trip To Newport: 1904 Sydney Mail Article

 THE PITTWATER VALLEY.

 Round Sydney - BY Motor Car- A Trip to Newport.

THE motor car is a luxury for the comparative few. In Sydney the delights of yachting have been vouchsafed to many who could never have experienced them otherwise by co-operative ownership and by hiring. Messrs. Thomas Cook and Sons, the well known tourist agents, whose Sydney branch is in Hunter-street, guided by the success of the motor service to the Jenolan caves, have decided to make a motor drive equally accessible to all. They have arranged for motor trips around the most attractive routes about Sydney— and no other city possesses so infinite a variety —on very moderate terms, which afford to the motorless resident an opportunity of showing new hospitality, and to the visitor a delight hitherto difficult of attainment. It was for one of these trips — Sydney to Newport, via Manly — that our representative last week accepted an invitation, and took with him a ''Mail' photographic artist. 

The stretch of coastal country between Manly and Rock Lily, and thence along to Newport by one road and Bayview by another, is justly esteemed to afford one of the most beautiful drives of its type in Australia —many go further, and declare it to be one of the most beautiful in the world. When to this is added the strip of country between North Sydney and Manly, with its magnificent glimpses and panoramas of the lake-like waters of Middle Harbour, and of Sydney Heads, there is comprise d within the day’s outing a series of pictures for which we can only seek rivals in the world-famous portions of the Mediterranean coasts. And here we have characteristic elements of beauty either lacking there or possessed by us in a higher degree. 

The popularity of the bicycle made familiar to thousands, who would not have otherwise seen them, these beauty spots. Others have driven or used the coach services. But the ideal method of seeing this beautiful stretch of country and spending a thoroughly enjoyable 'open-air' day is by motor car. There is no questioning the fascination of automobilism. The man who has not a car may effect to disparage his more fortunate neighbour who has, and may make satiric remarks as to the latter’s misadventures in his initiatory stages. He may jibe at 'stink pots,' at dust, at the odour of petrol, and the rest — all these are for the man who stays behind, not for the man in the car. And for the man in the car there is the glorious sense of speed controlled at will, the bounding freedom of the rapid moving automobile, the easy run up the hills that have hitherto been toilsome trials to his horses, the grand rush of speed on the level stretches, the flight as through space against the keen breeze. All this produced by a turn of the wrist, and all comprising a sense of exhilaration and of power almost intoxicating in its delights where, as on the routes chosen by Messrs. Cook, the roads are good and the scenery is delightful. 

Our car, a 9-h.p. De Dion, piloted by an expert driver, set out from Messrs. Cook's office, on a delightful day of last week — bright, clear, sunny, with a light cool breeze. It was threaded skilfully through the traffic over the wood blocks to the North Shore horse ferry. Landed on the other side, we ran easily up the long hill to Ridge street, and thence fairly flew along the level roads on the heights, with their superb outlook, to the Spit ferry, experiencing a preliminary taste of what a motor can do when the road is free and good. Here and there a stop was made to take a photograph. 

APPROACHING THE POINT, SPIT-ROAD.

Across the Spit ferry, and again we set out up the picturesque winding road on the Manly side, along the crest past many spots of interest. We passed a dwelling where the two coiners were wont to practice the revolver shooting which they ultimately used upon policemen. As we went, every turn of the wheels seemed to open out a fresh aspect, each more insistent than the last, in its claims to consideration. Down the Red Hill, past 'Dalley's Castle,' and that most picturesque of kirks, the Manly Presbyterian Church, and after a brief pause for refreshment, our driver turned him on that coastal stretch to Newport, which lives in the memory of all who have ever seen it.

NORTH HEAD FROM THE SPIT-ROAD.

The pictures on this page will give some idea of the glories of the whole trip, but no mere black and white can suggest the wealth of colour and the atmosphere which are the most exquisite elements in the scenes themselves. There is every type of waterscape —Smooth beaches in Middle Harbour, with the gently rippling marge of lake-like waters, shimmering in the sunlight or giving back amore intense blue than even the blue of the Australian sky. Lagoons at Curl Curl and Deewhy, the waters running in among the thickets on the banks, and the trees mirrored oil their surface. The forest-bound lake at Narrabeen; great stretches of white and grey and yellow beaches along the long line of ocean front from Manly to Barranjoey. 

Rushing surf breaking upon the sands, surging over the rocks at Long Reef, dashing on the cliffs of each bold headland that breaks the beach line till they are mist enshrouded with the rising spray. And for landscape, nearly every variety but the Alpine. The Middle Harbour heights give glimpses of the picturesque suburbs that are generically termed Mosmans, with their red roofs and constant effort at the picturesque in architecture from cottage to mansion — an effort often crowned with success. The sunlit bush and verdure-cinched hills set in opalesque waters as the run down the Spit-road is made. There is the charm of Sydney's only 'village' when Manly is reached: and then along the road to the far famed Hawkesbury at Pittwater — only the brush of the inspired artist and the pen of the true poet could convey adequate idea of that. 

Take one scene alone. The view from the Newport hill looking south across Mr. Brock's estate, and on over Rock Lily to the bold hills and headlands about Narrabeen. Here the great master of artistic composition, Nature, has made a masterpiece. Look at the photograph as it is reproduced — and it has some of the defects inherent in even the best photograph in its accentuation of the line of fencing. But take the picture as a whole— the long stretch of road across the foreground and to the right carrying the eye away with its admirable perspective. In the reality the road banks have red and rich yellow tints: above them the blackberry bushes run riot in autumn colouring; across the fence the rich dark greens and browns of the bush throw and the bright greens and light yellows of the neat pastures beyond. Lagoons, like opals in a golden setting, more trees, green hills, dark distant bush on the n-ht and in the centre. And on the left the white beach with its whiter fringe of ever-moving surf, a sapphire sea, a towering, bold, brown cliff. Above all the vivid blue sky and the whole landscape bathed in the rich light of an Australian winter day's sun that glorifies all it touches. A mere catalogue of forms and colours, you say? Yes, but the reality is exquisite, and it is only one of a long series of beautiful scenes along a beautiful road. Near where we stopped to take the photographs one of the great army of cyclists to whom every inch of the way is familiar, lay under a tree conning a little volume. It was Omar. The cyclist had realised his tree and his flask of wine, and 'thou'? Possibly she, too, might have materialised had we waited — he was evidently waiting — or perhaps his wheel was his love. At least the Rubaiyat seemed peculiarly suited to the setting. That, the Persian poet would have revelled in — even plus a bicycle and motor car. As we bowled gaily along the smooth surface with the free swinging motion of the motor car at speed, at every turn in the road came the suggestion that the photographer should get down and ''take that.' The car must have been laden with photographic plates had a tithe of the suggestions been adopted. Yet each was fully justified by the special aspect of the moment. 

Take the Narrabeen lake, for instance, with its surface still and every stem and bough reflected It is charming even from the roadside, and when that is left and by boat the visitor rows in among the bold hills with their adornment of splendid forest trees the wonder is that though thousands visit it in the year, and hundreds go upon its waters, the number is not many scores of thousands- We go far to see lake scenery any finer. Then take the stretch of forest road running down into Rock Lily with the hills beyond. That is exquisite. And on the coast from Newport to Barranjoey there are scenes rivalling the famous Illawarra coastal scenery — smooth buffalo-grassed slopes and flats, bush-crowned hills, tropic luxuriance of palm, towering cliffs, shell-strewn beaches, and always crowning beauty— sea and sky. 

As for Pitt water (which term includes the lovely Bay View), that would require a chapter to itself, and then its beauties would not be adequately described. All that visitors, distinguished or undistinguished, have written as to the glories of the Hawkesbury applies in an accentuated form to its Pittwater arm. Here we have the bold and graceful hills, palm-clad slopes, fern gullies rivalling the great fern gullies in the Dandenong ranges, of which Victorians are so proud, fjord-like waters, recalling Norway or New Zealand, and the splendid stretches of that noble reserve, the Kuring-gai Chase, accessible only rowing boat or launch 'obtainable on the spot- It is not surprising that Sydney people — Professor Anderson is a notable instance — are establishing summer homes for themselves here, where all is peace, and Nature has lavished her richest gifts of soil and water, climate and scene — the gardens and such orchards as those of Mr. Roche show the fertility of the soil. And there is this added attraction about the whole district we have been endeavouring to suggest, everyone has heard of the particular portion of the anatomy upon which an army is held by high military experts to travel — sometimes (when bullets fly) in a literal- but always in a metaphorical sense. J. M. Barrie last year invented for it a new euphemism. On the road from Manly to Pittwater, and at that lovely Hawkesbury arm, 'Little Mary' is well catered tor at every stage. There need be no anxiety as to commissariat, even when the hamper has been forgotten in the eager zeal of the motorist to 'get her going.' As for our car, it did its work, guided by the driver (J Cunningham) admirably. Since then it has had a run up to Moss Vale, whence it returned comfortably in five hours.

Round Sydney. (1904, June 29). The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1871 - 1912), p. 1628. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163988582 

 

 ON THE COAST AT NEWPORT.

 ONE TREE HILL, CURL CURL (SEVEN MILES MANLY).

DOWN THE RED HILL TO MANLY


MIDDLE HARBOUR FROM THE SPIT ROAD (MANLY SIDE)

This seems related to the above, despite the difference in De Dion cars referred to:

SYDNEY-BARRENJOEY ROAD.
Since the year 1903, when Mr. C. W. Bennett, accompanied by Messrs. F. S. Roberts and Ken Bennett drove the first motor car- an 8 h.p. De Dion-from Sydney to the Barrenjoey Lighthouse, by way of Manly, Brook-vale, and Narrabeen the road has undergone considerable improvement, and now, despite the recent construction of tramways over a portion of the route, the run to Barrenjoey is looked upon as one of the most pleasurable "short" tours in the district. The distance from the Sydney Post Office to the lighthouse is just 29 miles, so that the journey may be undertaken comfortably in half a day. 

The trip across the harbour from Fort Macquarie, and the drive through the northern suburbs to the Spit, Is really the most desirable exit from the city at the present- time, while the beauties of Middle Harbour, which, we are told, compare most favourably with the far famed lakes of Killarney, more than compensate for the Inconvenience and bustle of an antiquated ferry-boat,' The winding road to Manly is now in the best of order, and has been shorn of its steepest pinches, and although there is still room for improvement at some of the bends, they cannot by any means be described as dangerous. It is not until Narrabeen is reached that the tramlines are left behind-that is, of course, if the motorist pursues his way through Manly, and there are few tourists, indeed, who would care to pass by within a stone's throw, so to speak, of this well-known spot. 

Once across the bridge spanning the Narrabeen Lakes the long, but almost Imperceptible climb on a good car up Sheepstation Hill is commenced. This ends with a glorious panorama of coast line and forest. The Newport-road is taken to the light at Rocklily, and is followed past the now ruined Brock's mansions, down Into the valley and then again to the cliffs. The surface of this road is excellent, but, at the end of a mile the turn marked Barrenjoey, must be taken, which leaves Newport on the left, and follows the backbone of the peninsula to the light-house at the entrance of Broken Bay. Along this road there is a magnificent view of both coastline and sheltered waters, backed by a naturally wild panorama of mountain and forest. Work on the road itself has been In progress for some months, and the gradient of the first hill has been reduced to about 1 in 10. There are a number of stone culverts, which must be crossed with care it the driver has any consideration for his springs and the comfort of the passengers. The natural advantages offered by the several sheltered beaches for picnic and bathing purposes, however, will well repay the tourists for any discomforts which may be experienced In the last mile or so of the journey.
MOTORING. (1913, December 10). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 9. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15493741

Just while on the Spit road:

MOTOR CAR CONGESTION AT THE SPIT, BETWEEN SYDNEY AND MANLY.

This is the sort of thing that is to be seen at any week-end or on any holiday. An apparently never-ending line of cars waiting for the punt. The construction of the proposed bridge at this point will shortly be begun. The Harbour Trust, which is to build the structure, is now assembling the piles and other necessary timber. The cost of the bridge is to be borne by the Manly Council. It should be completed within six or eight months. MOTOR CAR CONGESTION AT THE SPIT, BETWEEN SYDNEY AND MANLY. (1924, February 20). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 36. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166151852


Motorists and others using the Spit Bridge over Middle Harbour have cheerfully paid the tolls imposed to pay for the structure. It is expected that the toll system will soon be abolished, as such charges have paid for the bridge. The Spit Bridge gives motorists an idea of the great convenience the Sydney Harbour Bridge will prove when opened for traffic. The above view looks towards the Heads. On the right is the new Spit Road, which leads to Mosman and North Sydney. Harbour and Ocean Scenes North of Sydney (1930, March 19). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 11. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160630537
Further north, the Macpherson family, all early and avid motor car owners and drivers, may also have driven here to Warriewood/Wharriewood Valley:


The photographer, William Joseph Macpherson, his wife, Gertrude, and a young girl (probably their daughter Catherine Dorothy) in image no. 1 of Box 2 - Image No.: c071150001, Glass negatives including images of boating, beaches, motoring and houses in the Sydney region, ca 1890-1910, by William Joseph Macpherson - courtesy Mitchell Library, State Library of NSW.



Image No.: c071420012 from Album Box 05: Glass negatives of Sydney regions, including Clovelly, Coogee, and Manly ca 1890-1910 by William Joseph Macpherson Courtesy Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales - and cropped enlargement from. Looks alike 1908 images of the visiting Great White Fleet arriving in Sydney Harbour and the celebrations that Manly engaged in as part of this. 

SENSATIONAL ACCIDENT.
A COACH OVERTURNED.
THREE PERSONS SLIGHTLY INJURED.
A sensational coach accident occurred yesterday morning on the Pittwater-road, about two miles from Rock Lily. A vehicle containing 16 passengers overturned, three of the occupants being slightly injured. The coach is the property of Charles Massey and Co., of Manly, and runs between Rock Lily and Manly.

As usual, four horses were attached to the vehicle, and all went well until the party reached Sheep Station Hill, which is very steep. There the reins of the leading horses became entangled with those in the pole of the coach. The driver, Harry Duncan, endeavoured to right matters, but before he was able to do so the horses swerved, the coach was overturned, and the passengers quickly found themselves on the roadway. When most of them had recovered from the shock caused by the accident, it was found that three of their number had been injured. Dr. Thomas, of Manly, was immediately sent for, and on arrival attended to their injuries.

Mrs. Rachel Cornu, who resides at Rock Lily Hotel, was found to be suffering from bruises on the right side, and shock. James Cooper, 39, an engineer, of Russell-street, Granville, sustained a scalp wound, which necessitated the insertion of three stitches. The third victim was Alfred Alexander Smith, a school teacher, living at Augustus-street, Enmore, his injuries consisting of cuts on the forehead and shin. The coach was quickly righted and continued its journey to Rock Lily without further mishap. SENSATIONAL ACCIDENT. (1905, December 30). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14718625

Dr Gordon Craig, Palm Beach (The Cabin) was another enamored of motor cars who may have driven here from 1915 on; so one of our earlier motorists.  Sailing was in his blood and he raced with the Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron and Royal Prince Alfred Yacht Club. He was a first-class golfer and a vice-president of the Australian Golf Club, a member of the Rotary Club of Sydney and the Australian and University clubs. He was fascinated by motor cars though, he had a small fleet and once built a steam car in the backyard of his home at Centennial Park. 

DR. GORDON CRAIG'S 8 H.P. SPEEDWELL-ROVER CAR.
The following are the main features of which, it is claimed, is the latest and finest specimen of English motor-car manufacture that has been landed in Australia. It is an interesting sample of the enormous strides in the development of the British motor-car industry. 

The engine is single cylinder, of 8 h.p., with two large fly wheels of 60lb. weight each. To ensure quietness it is fitted with two silencers. It has a metal-to-metal clutch, which runs in a bed of oil, and has such a perfect action that the car can be started on the top gear without any jar. The gear is of the sliding-pinion type, specially milled and strengthened, three speeds forward and reverse, rates 16 to 24 miles per hour, and can be changed by a lever on the steering column ; the teeth mesh with ease, and are very silent in the change. 



The engine clutch and gears are all enclosed in one aluminium case, and run in a bath of oil, thus perfect lubrication is ensured. The ignition is of high tension trembler coil, and two accumulators. It has also high-tension magneto, with two-way switches and two sparking plugs (either of the latter can be used by means of the switch). The Chassis is of the Rover Company's own principle, with three points suspension. The springs at the rear of the cars are extra long. Above the front wheels one spring only is employed, being crossways, and worked on an axle in the centre, thus allowing the front wheels to be raised fully six inches without altering the level of the body. In the body extra room is allowed for the feet in the front seat of the car. 

There are several small cupboards under the seat in back tonneau. It has a detachable tonneau, with cape, hood, and folding glass front. Tonneau is easily removed. For cooling an extra large radiator is fitted ; the Rover Co. have a novel idea for water circulation, the water being very rapidly circulated by means of a twoblade propeller running in a tube ; there is also a large fan fitted behind the radiator. The wheels are gun-carriage, 750 by 80, all one size, so that the tyres are interchangeable. The car, which is colored olive green, with black mouldings, has a very smart appearance, and will average 22 miles per hour on the road with ease. It Is capable of climbing any hill almost on the top gear. It is controlled by two expanding side-brakes. 
DR. GORDON CRAIG'S 8 H.P. SPEEDWELL ROVER CAR. (1906, April 4).Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 - 1939), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120327300 


IDEAL FOR BUSH TRIPS (1926, June 27).Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 - 1930), p. 13. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article128122377 

Dr. Craig's daughter Ailsa was not only a proficient driver but an early female pilot:


No title (1933, June 27). Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld. : 1878 - 1954), p. 7. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54723942 

Efficiency 
WITH the death of Dr. R. Lee Brown yesterday when an aeroplane crashed near Sydney, one of Australia's most famous air-pilot combinations has been broken. For Dr. Lee Brown and his attractive wife have made many flights together through bad weather and storms with complete success. They were merely a triumph of efficiency and quiet workmanship which does not startle the public. I met them both when I was in Canberra last year for an aerial pageant. With the other Sydney machines they arrived, and, contrary to so many women who are far less capable in the air, yet more spectacular, Mrs Lee Brown stepped from her cockpit in a smart sports suit without the huge leather coats, trousers and other accessories the average person connects with aviation. Yet I have heard a high civil aviation official call  her the best woman pilot in Australia. 
For that trip to and from Canberra, she did the piloting while her husband navigated. Then every now and then he gave her a rest taking over the controls. But on the return journey something snapped, leaving her in sole charge of the machine over the mountains through a thunder storm. After a struggle they got through to the Mascot aerodrome, and nothing more was heard about their epic flight.
Mrs Lee Brown has a daughter, Mitty, who is an excellent sport. At the age of 12, she can shoot the breakers at Palm Beach with the best of grown-ups. While I Remember by "Annette". (1934, April 3). The Herald (Melbourne, Vic. : 1861 - 1954), p. 14. Retrieved fromhttp://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article243250058


Mrs. G. U. ("SCOTTY") ALLAN called for her husband at the Rose Bay flying-boat base yesterday to drive him back to their home at Palm Beach. He piloted the flying-boat which arrived yesterday. CALLED FOR HER HUSBAND. (1940, April 24). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17646709 

The Red Cross branch is very active and all residents and regulars are members. At the branch's meeting on Wednesday members decided to hold a stall in Martin-place on December 6, selling all types of beach wear. Mlle. Piat and Mitti Lee Brown, whose mother, Mrs. Scotty Allan, has that lovely pink rough cast house, The Cabin, on Pacific-road, will be mannequins.
Palm Beach Prepares For Almost Adam-less Eden (1940, October 27). The Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1910 - 1954), p. 21. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article231187108 

Red Cross Day – 1940:

THE FIRST arrivals in Martin-place to furnish stalls were Mrs. Scotty Allen, Mrs.Georgina Macphillimy and Mrs. Kitty Dalrymple Hay, all of whom motored up early from Palm Beach in Mrs. Allen's utility truck, which was stocked full of goods for the Palm Beach stall.
Attractive among the stall-holders was Miss J. Handley, of Avalon, who wore beach slacks of cream linen with a patriotic red, white and blue floral top. SUE SEES SYDNEY ON (1940, December 6). The Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1910 - 1954), p. 9 (LATE FINAL EXTRA). Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article231154888 
One of our earliest regular visitors via the motor car was Arthur Wigram Allen, 1862-1941, solicitor, son of Sir George Wigram Allen, politician, and grandson of George Allen, the first solicitor admitted by the Supreme Court in N.S.W. 

The State Library of NSW holds 51 albums of photographs of the Allen family, taken between 1890-1934, by Arthur Wigram Allen and these include visions of Narrabeen, Newport, Bilgola, Careel Bay, Bayview, Church Point, Palm Beach and Barrenjoey - wonderful images that allow us an insight into family holidays when they stayed here and day tours into this area.

 From The Mort Family Album, Image 131. H.Rainaud's restaurant La Corniche, Digital Order No. a1780131, from State Library of NSW: A note scribbled at side of this photograph says " Renaud - after his Restaurant in Macquarie Street - Morts Rooms-Chambers'. 

Visit: La Corniche - Bayview

Allen Family at Bayview-Church Point on Sunday 10th of October 1909

Sunday 5th of February 1911; 'Leaving La Corniche'; from  Album 56: Photographs of the Allen family, 1 December - 30 April 1911. Courtesy State Library of NSW.


'The Beach just beyond Newport' - November 21st, 1909 -  from Allen Family Albums: Album 52: Photographs of the Allen family, November - December, 1909 Image No.: a1373015h courtesy State Library of NSW

Album 52: Photographs of the Allen family, November - December, 1909 - Pictures are
 dated 21st of November, 1909, 'Sunday'. All courtesy state Library of NSW, The Mitchell Library. Notice Mr. Allen's spelling of 'Barranjoey';


a1373020h: Description beneath photograph - 'On the Pittwater side, linking the list hill before descent to Barranjoey'.

a1373024h: Description beneath photograph -'Coming up the hill from Barranjoey' 


'Newport Road' - ca. 1900-1910, Image No.: a116490h, courtesy State Library of NSW.

Above: Scotts Hotel Sign: Sunday 5th of February 1911, Top of Newport Hill, from Album 56: Photographs of the Allen family, 1 December - 30 April 1911. Image No:  a3288031. Courtesy State Library of NSW. Visit; Collin’s Retreat, Bay View House, Scott’s Sanatorium, Guest And Boarding House: Crystal Bay, Newport


Above. Newport August 1916. Pic a3295024h, Courtesy State Library of NSW. Below: Bilgola Cottage. 1900

 

'Madame Melba with John Lemmone' Picture a3293015, Courtesy State Library of NSW

Above:  Balcony photo of(from left): George Armstrong, Mrs Hugh Ward, Mr Chalmers, AW Allen, Madame Melba, John Lemmone, Mrs Armstrong, Hugh J Ward. Pic No: a3293014h Album 64: Photographs of the Allen family, 23 August 1914 - 7 March 1915 , courtesy State Library of NSW.

Called Australia’s First Diva, Dame Nellie Melba, had a long association with the Allen Family of Sydney who were highly cultured and enjoyed cultivating and entertaining the who’s who of Sydney Society. Many in the family became lawyers. On Wednesday 23rd of September, 1914 ‘Madame’ Melba as she was referred to by Arthur Wigram Allen, went with the family and others to visit and explore Bilgola beach. They were entertained ‘at lunch’ lavishly and spent the afternoon exploring the grounds and beach. Dame Nellie was accompanied by Mr and Mrs H Ward, (H J Ward had taken over the management of J C Williamson’s entrepreneurial entertainment firm on that man’s death in 1913. Melba had established the Melba-Williamson Opera Company in 1910), and her business manager, flautist John Lemmone. It would have certainly been an august party given whom attended. Visit: Dame Nellie Melba Lunches at Bilgola Cottage

Panorama of Careel Bay and the jetty, Pittwater, New South Wales 
EB Studios (Sydney, N.S.W.) Image: nla.pic-vn6154594, circa 1917, courtesy National Library of Australia.
This is all the same picture - we have simple blown portions of it bigger to show details.


Marara Sunday May 7th, 1933 Digital Order No a3299015,  Caption; Album 74: Photographs of the Allen family, November 1932 - March 1934, Courtesy State Library of NSW Visit: Herbert Henry Schlink

 Above and Below: Panorama of Mona Vale, New South Wales, ca.  1917-1930 [picture] / EB Studios National Library of Australia PIC P865/125 circa between 1917 and 1946] and sections from made larger to show detail.


The Oaks - Brock Estate at Mona Vale - courtesy of Mr. Allen:


FROM:  Album 57: Photographs of the Allen family, 2 May 1911 - 7 October 1911 Digital Order No. a3289055; 'Enlargement of view taken looking over the Polo Grounds. The road up the hill leads to Barrenjoey' Courtesy State Library of NSW. 

A Small Blast from our Past:

MOTOR BACK-FIRES.
WAGGON DESTROYED AT NARRABEEN
A motor waggon belonging to Mr. Charles Bottles of Narrabeen, was destroyed by fire In Pittwater road, Narrabeen, about half-past 7 on Wednesday night, the damage done being estimated at £450.


The waggon was loaded with wood, and Mr. George Bottles, a brother of the owner, was starting it when it back-fired into the carburettor. A loud explosion followed, and the driver sprang from his seat on to the roadway. When he regained his feet, he saw that a spark had reached the petrol tank, and set alight to the front of the machine. 
Efforts were made to extinguish the flames, but they proved of no avail, the waggon and its load being destroyed. The loss was covered by insurance. MOTOR BACK-FIRES. (1914, September 3). Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931), p. 3. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article115808250 

    
Mona Vale, Pittwater, N.S.W. ; Bottle's car, Pittwater Road, ca. 1900-1927, Sydney & Ashfield : Broadhurst Post Card Publishers, Image No.: a106171h, courtesy State Library of NSW.: 

 Along the foreshores of Broken Bay - 1918

The photograph was taken at Bayview, which overlooks lovely Pittwater, the southern part of Broken Bay into which runs the beautiful Hawkesbury River . The whole of this locality is wonderfully rich in scenic charms. ALONG THE FORESHORES OF BROKEN BAY. (1918, January 23). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 5. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article159026429


AT NEWPORT ON BOXING DAY.


It is a very pleasant run from Sydney to Newport, and will be much more enjoyable when the Spit bridge is a reality and the wearisome wait for the punt is a thing of the past. Motoring (1924, January 2). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 37. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166151463 

A mile south of Narrabeen Tram Terminus, 1925.  Visit; The House at the end of the Road, Narrabeen


SYDNEY EXPERIMENTER IN LONDON. Mr. Leonard Schultz, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Schultz, of Warraba, Lane Cove, who has distinguished himself In Sydney as a wireless experimenter, has arrived in London by the Aquitania from Now York. His parents have received word of his successful tour through America, where he has investigated wireless development. He intends touring Europe before returning to Australia. WIRELESS. (1927, February 28). The Sydney Morning Herald(NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16357918  The lady he is pictured with at Billabong in 1928 was his first wife; The House at the end of the Road, Narrabeen

A Picturesque Motor Drive — View at Church Point (Pittwater), from McCarr's Creek. With the approach of warmer weather Sydney motorists are making preparations for outings to pleasure resorts near the city. The charms of the Manly and Pittwater districts and one of the most popular spots near Broken Bay is Church Point. MOTORING. (1929, August 28). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 45. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160395048 


Above: HISTORIC METHODIST CHURCH. (1930, March 19). The Sydney Morning Herald(NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 16. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16634674 

EARLY PITTWATER. HISTORICAL SOCIETY'S PILGRIMAGE.
Members of the Manly, Warringah, and Pittwater Historical Society on Saturday afternoon made a pilgrimage to historic spots In the Pittwater district. The party, numbering 34, proceeded to Church Point, and inspected the old Methodist Church and cemetery. Mr. P. W. Gledhill, honorary secretary of the society, delivered n lecture on the early history of Pittwater. He said that the church was opened In 1873, and that the land for the cemetery was given by Mr. William Oliver. Mr. John Wheeler road a paper on Scotland Island and McCarr's Creek. 

EARLY PITTWATER. (1926, November 22). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved fromhttp://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16333867

EARLY PITTWATER. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. 
Sir,-With reference to the account in the "Herald" of last Saturday of the pilgrimage of the Manly, Warringah, and Pittwater Historical Society to historic spots in the Pittwater district, I may state I was a member of the party, and noticed the dilapidated condition of the old church at Church Point The cemetery is badly neglected, and requires fencing and other repairs, while the building itself needs painting. As I understand services are to be resumed shortly, it would appear advisable that the Methodist Church authorities should mike an effort to restore the building and land to Its one time orderly condition so that the old church may again become an attractive place of worship for residents and visitors In the Pittwater district. I am etc.,
Stanmore, Nov. 25. J. S. N. WHEELER. EARLY PITTWATER. (1926, November 26). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 12. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16321192 - Visit Church at Church Point

A MOTOR CAR ON THE PITTWATER-ROAD, NARRABEEN 


The foreshores of the lake were flooded by the recent heavy rains. The Warringah Council workmen opened a way to the sea on Sunday morning. Forestry, Floods, and Kindergarten Work (1927, November 30). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), , p. 9. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article158295859 


A 1926 Overland, a 1928 (?) Chrysler, and a 1928 (?) Dodge ploughing through Narrabeen floods - Image. No: hood_06391- from the collections of the State Library of NSW.


A car and a horse plough through a flooded road, Narrabeen - Image. No: hood-006394 from the collections of the State Library of NSW

Visit: Narrabeen Lagoon And Collaroy Beachfront: Storms And Flood Tides Of The Past



'Panorama of beachgoers at Avalon Beach', New South Wales, ca. 1925 (1920; no mid-beach dressing sheds in picture as there are in a 1930 picture) -  section enlarged to show dressing sheds on Avalon Beach at this point in time and, a car! The beginnings of Norfolk Pines, planted by A J Small are in the white wicker tree guards. Image No.: nla.pic-vn6217968 by EB Studios, part of the Enemark collection of panoramic photographs, courtesy National Library of Australia.



Avalon Golf Links, by Samuel Wood - postcard photonegatives of Avalon, Bilgola and Newport, ca. 1928, Image No: a1470007, courtesy Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales.

Visit: Avalon Beach Golf Links: Pittwater Fields of Dreams II

Above: Motor cars driving along road, Avalon, New South Wales, circa 1930 Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-147289886 - courtesy National Library of Australia 

IN AVALON'S VALLEY SUBDIVISION OPENED

Buyers Interested in the Pride of Avalon Estate, Avalon, will be motored to Inspect It by Messrs. McLaughlin and Co., of 72 Pitt-street, city, the managing agents. This recently-opened subdivision Is within the shelter of Avalon valley, handily situated to beach, swimming pool, golf course, and the calm waters of Careel Bay, on the other side of the Barrenjoey Peninsular. It is just off the main road, and sheltered from boisterous winds, while its elevation affords fine views across the green plain which stretches from the ocean to Pittwater. This estate is being offered on easy terms, .which allow purchasers five years to pay. IN AVALON'S VALLEY (1929, March 15). The Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1910 - 1954), , p. 3. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222706455 


This photo shows the extent of the dressing sheds and showers in 1930 at Avalon Beach: 'Motor cars, some with tarpaulins attached, parked adjacent to Avalon Beach, New South Wales, 1930', nla.pic-an24768648, Part of Prospectus photographs of Avalon, 1930 [album], courtesy National Library of Australia.

Panorama of Avalon with Avalon Beach in the background, New South Wales, 1930, 3 PIC/8140/3 LOC Album 1059 Album 1059 from Prospectus photographs of Avalon, 1930. Courtesy National Library of Australia.  nla.obj-147287739-1 and enlarged sections from. 


Avalon Beach road looking south - 1932 from; 

    

Popular Motoring District Near Sydney — The road to Palm Beach and Barrenjoey. The view was taken at Avalon, looking back along the road towards Manly. The trip from Sydney to Palm Beach and Barrenjoey is now an easy one by way of the Harbour Bridge and the Spit Bridge. Motoring: Search for Petrol Substitutes (1932, August 24). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 44. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166225233



DANGEROUS TURN ELIMINATED.


Extensive improvements are being made to the road to Palm Beach. This big cutting on the Newport-road has just been completed. The old blind turn, which was a source of danger when traffic was heavy, is on the left. Another cutting is being made at the northern end of Mona Vale. Tents and Motor-Campers (1935, November 20). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 50. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160499041

From Album: 'Pasadena waterside restaurant, Church Point (taken for Mr Teasdale-Smith), 1950' by Sam Hood. Images No: Home and Away - hood_11654h (top) hood_11650h and hood_11652h (below) - courtesy State Library of NSW.

Visit: Pittwater Restaurants You Could Stay At Pasadena Road House – Church Point


Warriewood Beach, 1960 ; the old surf club in the background. L-R: Butch Mowbray, Jim Bourke, John E Wright , Paul Cunningham, Billy Godden, Frank Broughton (and Billy Godden's old Vauxhall). With thanks to Paul Cunningham!

So, as you can see from just a few of these photos, many shared in past History pages, there's a lot to see in the backgrounds of these motor car features of the way this place once was.

Extras

Australian constructors were very active at the very beginning of both car and aircraft development and in many areas, ahead of their overseas counterparts. Due to the isolation of Australia, it was more practical for Australia to make their own cars and aircraft. 

The first true cars made in Australia were steam cars. The first of these steam cars, the Phaeton, was made in 1896 by Herbert Thomson and Edward Holmes of Armadale, Melbourne. It was exhibited in 1900 using the first pneumatic tyres made in Australia by Dunlop. The 5horsepower single cylinder steam carriage which is now in the Institute of Applied Sciences, Melbourne, was reliable and durable enough to take Thomson and a friend 493 miles from Bathurst to Melbourne at an average speed of 8.7 mp/h. 

In 1901, Harley Tarrant produced the first Tarrant automobile, which was the first petrol-driven car built entirely in Australia in a small workshop in Melbourne. Before that, Tarrant had been using the shop to build engines. Tarrant was joined in this endeavour by bicycle maker, Howard Lewis. The car was powered by a rear-mounted 6 hp Benz engine. This car was followed by many improved designs, including the first fully enclosed car body made in Australia. Later models included locally produced components including: engines, gearboxes and rear axles. The sole surviving Tarrant is on display at the RACV City Club, on the chancery level.

In 1903, the Australian Motoring Association was formed in New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria to protect the interests of motorists. In 1924, this was followed by the Australian Automobile Association. 

Tyre manufacture also existed in Australia. However, the last tyre factory closed in April 2010 when Bridgestone ceased production.

Steam Car - Herbert Thomson, Armadale, Victoria, circa 1898
Four wheel Phaeton, wooden bodied steam car by Herbert Thomson. Originally constructed in 1896-99 and exhibited in Victoria & New South Wales. Thomson operated a business at 835 High Street, Armadale, Victoria making steam engines including the vertical tandem compound engine and water tube boiler fitted to this vehicle which was finished in about June 1898. Thomson and his cousin Edward Holmes completed a 794 km trip from Bathurst, New South Wales, to Melbourne in April 1900 in this car. Thomson later sold imported cars and his own steam vehicles. This steam car was later exhibited as a historical curiosity by Vacuum Oil at the Victorian Motor Exhibition in 1912, the first Victorian motor trade show. It was then dismantled and restored in about 1960 before being donated to the Museum.



Physical Description
Original Specifications: Bore x Stroke: 1½" & 3" x 3" (single slide valve) Max Power: 5 h.p. @ 1,000 r.p.m. (3.75 kW) Rear Wheels: 44" x 2" (1120 mm x 51 mm) Front Wheels: 34" x 2" (865 mm x 51 mm) Weight: about 10½ cwt. (approx 535 kg) Boiler: 12" x 12" x 16" water tube type. Steam Pressure: 250 to 600 p.s.i. (1725 kPa - 4135 kPa) Top Speed: 25 m.p.h. (40 km/hr) - equivalent to an engine speed of 375 or 560 r.p.m. Range: 25 miles (40 km) with 4 gallon (18 litres) water tank Fuel Capacity: 1¼ tins of kerosene - sufficent for range of 150 miles (240 km) Turning Circle: 12 ft. (3.65 m).

AUSTRALIA'S FIRST MOTOR CAR
Mannum Manufacturer's Invention
VEHICLE THAT WAS ON THE ROADS 30 YEARS AGO
Well known in South Australia as a manufacturer of farm implements, Mr. David Shearer, of Mannum, River Murray, can claim to be Australia's first inventor of a motor car. In the early nineties he designed and built a power-propelled vehicle, which, a few years later, astonished all Adelaide as it chugged its way through the streets at 15 miles an hour. Special permission from the Mayor had to be obtained before the car could be driven through the streets.

Designed 10 years before Henry Ford's first models, little is known today of the South Australian's invention, but farmers, who lived a quarter of a century ago in and around Mannum remember how Mr. Shearer worked day and night on his "automobile,'' and they re-late today to the younger generation, how Mannum might have been the De-troit of Australia. England's first car, which made its appearance two years after Mr. Shearer's, had a speed of 10 to 12 miles an hour, while the South Australian car actually travelled at 15 miles an hour. In 1900, several years after the car had been running in and around Mannum, it was driven to Adelaide and exhibited in the Chamber of Manufacturers Exhibition. It careered around the city terraces at 15 miles an hour, by special per-mission of the mayor. "But," says Mr. Shearer, "the horses were not used to it and much profanity was directed at my head by the drivers of horse drawn vehicles." After demonstrating to the farmers of his time that the horseless carriage was a possibility, Mr.Shearer did not persist in his experiment and turned his attention to the manufacture of harvesters, strippers, harrows and ploughs. Thus Australia was probably deprived of the all Australian motor car. However Mr. Shearer still considers that Australia should make her own motor cars. "The essentials of the modem car," he says, "are of Australian origin suggested and sprung from previous inventions originating in this country, hence Australia should make her own motor cars."


AUSTRALIA'S FIRST MOTOR CAR -Mr. Shearer with his family and relatives about to set out on a run in his car. Contrasted with the modern motor, some idea may be gained from the illustration of the progress made in motoring since Mr. Shearer’s vehicle took to the roads.


Same photo as above - courtesy state Library of South Australia. Image No.: b 7793


Mr. David Shearer, who designed and built the car.

How Mr. Shearer's inventive genius found an outlet in the production of his car makes interesting reading to the public of today, to whom motor cars are now almost an essential adjunct of every day life. His account written, specially for "The Mail" is as follows:— 
Mr. Shearer's Story 

The chief reason that induced me to make a self-propelled vehicle was that it would be an incentive to studying mechanical engineering generally. I first conceived the idea in the early 'eighties, when I was in partnership with my brother, Mr. John Shearer, who is now in business at Kilkenny, We were always interested in and working out problems in agricultural machinery, and in 1888 my brother invented the celebrated steel ploughshare for stump-jumping. The appliances for making these shares and the increasing demand for strippers, ploughs, and other agricultural contrivances demanded much initiative work from both of us. The self-propelled car was only treated as a hobby of mine, and the work was carried out as a recreation. I remember quite well the first tricycle I saw in 1862, which was made by a Mr. Pryor, It was propelled by a hand lever, connected to a crank on the rear axle, which always broke or skidded in negotiating corners. Its steering was contrived by a small wheel in front with a stirrup for each foot. My brother made the first bicycle I ever saw and presented it to me in 1870. That machine I rode from Mount Torrens to Rochester (18 miles north of Clare) in a day, and the impression I received from this journey was that mechanical power would be more agree-able to the rider than man power. The breaking of the crank on the rear axle of the tricycle suggested to me that the driving wheels should be differentiated. I worked out a contrivance to accomplish that by attaching a suitable bevelled cog wheel to the right hand driving wheel by bolting it to the hub. There was a similar bevelled whele {wheel} to the live axle, which was keyed to the axle facing each other. Two or more bevelled cog wheels were placed on the spokes of the sprocket wheel. The spokes acted as spindles. These smaller bevelled wheels were free to turn, but engaged themselves to the teeth of th {the} larger bevelled wheels. The live axle was keyed to the left-hand driving wheel. This contrivance is now known as the ''differential." It is carried out in different ways, but the principle is, substantially the same.


Sectional view of the car. The front of the boiler casing is cut away to show the inside of the furnace and coil for super-heating steam. One of the leading wheels has a piece cut out to show the steering apparatus, which is similar in some respects to the present day steering system as used on the modern car.

Driven by Steam 
The only idea not found in the modern car and which was incorporated in Mr. Shearer's was one of motive power. Mr. Shearer drove his car by means of a steam engine with a horizontal boiler de-signed by himself. A boiler system is installed in the Stanley steam car of today, so that the method of power has not been wholly discarded. My next care was to design the best steering apparatus. I soon got a grip of this from the stump-jump ploughs, and having satisfied myself on this point I had to find a suitable motive power. I therefore occupied my spare time studying steam engines. Internal combustion was not then sufficiently advanced for that purpose, so that steam seemed to be the best power to adopt. Thirty years ago light and powerful steam engines were coming into vogue for torpedo boat destroyers, and I thought that something after their style would do. I therefore designed a water tube boiler as shown in a sectional view in the drawing. This demonstrates that it is a semi-flash boiler. Its working pressure was 350 lb. to the square inch. The quick-working engine forced the car up the steepest grades or through sand with ease, even with only 200 pounds of pressure, but the higher pres-sure was more economical in fuel and water. I may have got the idea of the fast-running light engine from the ordinary stripper, which can easily be pulled about by the fly or belt wheel. In fact, the only essential difference between the stripper and motor car is that the former works the mechanism by the revolving of the wheels and the latter works the wheels by the mechanism. The stripper is certainly a wonder-ful invention and has led to many developments in this and other countries. and I am proud of the fact that it was invented in this, country. The stripper is admitted to be the first implement wherein the rotation of the wheels was employed to operate any sort of mechanism in agricultural machinery, so that any ideas emanating therefrom would be purely Australian. 

Mallee as Fuel 
The only ideas I extracted from the railways, were the projecting parts on the rear bearing, in which they were guided in vertical bars, serving the purpose of equalising rods to take the driving thrust of the driving chain, and the making extra wide parts in the engine for fast running. Almost any kind of fuel would keep up steam but mallee wood was the best. The car was first run in 1897 and the greatest trouble was that it frightened some horses and perhaps more drivers. I was driving out of Mannum on one occasion, and met some ladies driving a buggy. Just as the car approached them they jumped on to the road, head down-ward. We in the car were shocked and afraid they had hurt themselves. The horses were unaffected and after attending to the ladies, we drove past and made another start. A little further on we met the late Capt. W. R. Randell driving a buggy and pair, and as we were running off the road to let him pass, he signalled us to go on and "let her go." It was illegal in those days to run engines on the road. 

Exhibited in Adelaide 
An invitation came from the Adelaide Chamber of Manufacturers to exhibit the motor at the 1900 Exhibition as a novelty. The vehicle was driven to Adelaide. My brother steered with full control of the motive power and brakes while I kept an eye on the boiler. During the time the car was on view at the Exhibition the Chamber was gran-ted permission from the City Council for the car to be run round the city, but only on condition that we kept strictly to the terraces. This performance was accomplished without frightening any horses, probably because the animals in Adelaide were used to the sound and smell of other engines. We travelled at 15 miles an hour or thereabouts. There were nine passengers aboard and everyone appeared to be satisfied with the experiment. Some of the critics of those days, how-ever, were amusing.

One of the daily papers, which, at that time, did not have much time for Australian manufactures wound up a short paragraph by saying that the engine in this car was of the same type as Stephenson's first locomotive. The difference was a boiler and engine weighing about two cwt., developing 20 h.p. in the former and boiler and engine in Stephen-son's several tons in weight only developing 12 h.p. There was no comparison. Stephenson was on the right track for haulage on rails. 

Weight helped. 
My attempt was for common roads, so it had to be as light as possible. Another report stated that the horses looked solemnly at the vehicle as it passed, thinking of the time when they would no longer be required. All the mechanism with the exception of the steel and copper tubes, steam cocks and steam gauges, was made at Maunum. My nephew, Mr. J. A. Shearer, made the engine. All the casting was done in the shop. The sprocket wheels were phospor bronze and bearing gun metal. 

To be Reconstructed 
The boiler and engine have been in a steam launch for some years. I have now got those back, and intend putting the car together again. From them I may construct a steam car with pneumatic-tic tyres and see how it goes. I copied no one in the construction of this experimental car. It was the first (so far as I know) made in or imported into the Southern Hemisphere. Hundreds of attempts have been made, all more or less successful, in improving means of road traffic, but there is no doubt in my mind that steam cars will come more into general use for road traffic fired by liquid fuel. This method would cost less to run and would be easier to construct. Power by steam would make less noise and would be easier to operate, and smoother in motion, and there would be no gears to change. The rising price of petrol will also be a factor in bringing steam into use. How ever, I did not give as much attention to the power as I did to safe and perfect running by the differential and steering apparatus, which enables careless drivers, I am sorry to say, to turn corners at such reckless speed. The kind of motive power is a detail, but the essential parts of the modern car are of Australian origin, suggested and sprung from previous inventions originating in this country, hence Australia should make her own motor cars.
AUSTRALIA'S FIRST MOTOR CAR (1926, July 10). The Mail (Adelaide, SA : 1912 - 1954), p. 1. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58525297 


Shearer Steam Car built by David Shearer - seen at the National Motor Museum - Birdwood. From and courtesy Vintage Spanners & Wrenches in Australia webpage: http://ozwrenches.com/d-shearer.htm 



Original Drawing of Shearers Steam Car.

It was built at Mannum by David Shearer who was an agricultural machinery manufacturer. This was a pet project for David Shearer who wanted to build a steam car. It was finished in 1899 and is powered by a two cylinder 20 horsepower steam engine.