November 1 - 30, 2025: Issue 648

 

NSW Inquest examining whether meat allergy caused by Tick Bites Caused teenagers death: Pittwater has Highest Number of people living with this allergy

The devastated mother of teenager Jeremy Webb has revealed a potential new reason behind his tragic death.

The 16-year-old boy may have died from a red meat allergy that can be triggered by tick bites, a coronial inquest has been told.

Jeremy was on a camping trip with three friends at MacMasters Beach on the Central Coast on June 10, 2022, when he ate a dinner of beef sausages.

By 11pm, he reported having difficulty breathing and collapsed on his way to get help from a nearby adult.

His friends tried to resuscitate him with CPR but Jeremy passed away at Gosford Hospital an hour and a half later.

Jeremy's cause of death was initially determined to be from asthma, but a coronial inquest is now probing whether his death was caused by the sausages after he was posthumously diagnosed with mammalian meat allergy.

Previous tick bites can trigger a mammalian meat allergy, which can manifest as stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting, hives or swelling, or escalate to anaphylaxis. Jeremy had presented with symptoms of this allergy after eating red meat prior to June 2022, his mother related.

An allergy expert told the inquest it can take up to five hours to detect the allergic reaction after eating red meat.

"But when it starts, it evolves rapidly. So people go from zero to 100," Associate Professor Sheryl van Nunen said on Monday November 17.

Associate Professor Nunen believed Mr Webb had a mammalian meat allergy from childhood, based on his rapidly onset asthma, his history of tick bites and his record of allergy symptoms after eating red meat.

Experts agreed Mr Webb died of a combination of either a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis and an acute asthmatic episode, the inquest was told.

The inquest will examine the adequacy of Mr Webb's medical treatment before his death, the role anaphylaxis played in his death, and whether it could have been prevented by a more thorough investigation into his conditions.

Jeremy's mother said there was no one person to blame for her son's life being cut so tragically short.

"I think it's just a combination of things that intersected together that no one could actually have predicted," Myfanwy Webb said 

"Unfortunately, there's so many times when things should have happened and they didn't."

“When I first suspected mammalian meat allergy, I did look into it, but there wasn’t much information back then,” she said.

“I sort of saw it as a food intolerance, not an allergy that can kill you from anaphylaxis.”

Ms Webb believes that if Jeremy’s cause of death was incorrectly determined, there could be more fatal cases of the condition.

“I think Jeremy would be so proud of this inquest about his death,” she said.

“If it saves one more life, then that’s a win, a huge win.”

Mammalian meat allergy, also known as alpha-gal syndrome, is a tick-induced condition, and is a potentially life-threatening allergy to mammalian meats such as beef, pork and lamb, and sometimes in gelatine and fats.

Reactions typically develop between two and 10 hours after consumption, with symptoms ranging from abdominal cramping and vomiting, to severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis.

If the inquest found that his red meat allergy was a factor in his death, Allergy and Anaphylaxis Australia believes his death could be the first of its kind in Australia. 

Ms Webb told the ABC that from the age of two, her son was repeatedly bitten by ticks while camping in bushland on the NSW Central Coast.

US Man First Documented Death 

A New Jersey man is believed to be the first documented death from alpha-gal syndrome, a meat allergy triggered by tick bites.  The man, a 47-year-old airline pilot, was otherwise healthy, according to a case study [1] from researchers at the University of Virginia School of Medicine and Hackensack Meridian Health in New Jersey.

In the US Summer of  2024, he went camping with his wife and children and was bitten by dozens of tiny seed ticks. A few hours after eating beef steak for dinner, the man awoke with abdominal discomfort, which later led to diarrhoea and vomiting. 

He recovered enough to go on a hike the next day.

Two weeks later, the man and his wife went to a BBQ near their home, where he ate a hamburger at around 3pm. After the BBQ, the man went home and mowed the lawn for an hour. He still felt fine when his wife left the house at 7pm.

But at 7:20pm he went to the bathroom, and ten minutes later their son was on the phone saying: “Dad is getting sick again.” 

Moments later, he found his father unconscious on the bathroom floor with “vomit around him,” according to the report. He quickly called 911, and once paramedics arrived, they began CPR.

They tried to revive him for two hours, including during the drive to hospital, but after 10pm he was pronounced dead.

His wife, after the autopsy was initially inconclusive, requested his blood be tested, which revealed he had the tick-induced allergy. 

Highest rates of Mammalian Meat Allergy are in Pittwater

Assoc. Prof. van Nunen told the inquest there had been a 40 per cent year-on-year increase in mammalian meat allergy diagnoses in Australia since 2020.

The highest rates are in NSW and Queensland, with the Sydney basin - notably the Pittwater area - becoming a global hotspot.

Research from the CSIRO revealed Pittwater had the highest population of people living with the allergy in the world, recording 744 cases per 100,000 residents in 2025.

Residents who have the allergy state they are now 'living with' it, which includes cutting mammalian meat out of their diets.

Professor van Nunen said people had a 50 percent chance of developing the allergy after being bitten by just two ticks, so prevention was key.

So far, the inquest has examined the adequacy of Webb’s medical treatment before his death, the role anaphylaxis played in his death, and whether his death could have been prevented by earlier detection.

NSW Deputy State Coroner Carmel Forbes is expected to hand down her findings by the end of the year.

Professor Sheryl Van Nunen (Supplied: NACE)

Freeze it - Don't Squeeze it

Australian organisation Tick Induced Allergies Research and Awareness (TIARA) recommends “dressing for the occasion” before going out into the bush by wearing a long-sleeved shirt, tucked into full-length pants with socks pulled over the top.

If you or someone you know is bitten by a tick, do not “pick” it out of their skin with tweezers or tick-removal gadgets which might accidentally squeeze the tick.

Doing so could lead to “tick saliva entering the body and increasing the risk of tick-induced allergies.”

The best removal method is to spray a freezing medication and then allow it to drop off. If that fails, TIARA advises visiting your local GP or emergency department.

Professor van Nunen recommends spraying 'Tick-off' — a freezing medication — about one centimetre above the tick and then allowing it to drop off.

If the tick does not fall off, the safest way to have it removed is by your general practitioner or by visiting an emergency department, unless you are confident about extracting yourself with fine tipped forceps.

In their 2025 Profile, the group of eminent professionals from TiARA, (Tick-induced Allergies Research and Awareness Committee) shared TiARA has developed a key communication strategy to help all those at risk of tick bites. 

The best course is to avoid being bitten; but if it happens, then advice is provided for managing the situation.

TIARA’s strategy is encapsulated in a key phrase:

If you are bitten by a tick:
FREEZE IT – DON’T SQUEEZE IT.

This disarmingly simple direction quickly and simply ‘Kills the tick where it is’ and greatly reduces the likelihood of an allergic reaction that may result from squeezing the tick and expelling toxins into the bloodstream. The freezing is to be done by applying an ether-based spray or cream directly to the tick and leaving it in place until it drops off.

Sprays and creams containing ether can be found at your local pharmacy.

FIND OUT MORE

For more information about ticks and how to prevent and treat their bites:

⦁ SEE the Tiara website.

⦁ DOWNLOAD How to Remove a Tick Flyer

⦁ VIEW VIDEO How to Safely Remove a Tick

⦁ VIEW VIDEO How to Prevent a Tick Bite

Although you may be bitten by ticks year-round in our area, as we head into Summer and residents go into their garden and our bush reserves to enjoy the season, please use these resources as a refresher on how to protect your family, yourself, and your pets. 

Spring is a common time for tick issues, as the various tick life stages emerge from dormancy and seek a host to feed off from late Winter. This means there is a peak in tick paralysis cases from very early Spring (even late Winter) through to mid-Summer.

TIARA, established in 2013, is the inspiration of Associate Professor Sheryl Van Nunen OAM, immunologist, who was the first scientist to describe the link between tick bite and Alpha Gal (or mammalian meat) allergy in 2007.

The Co-Chairs since then have been Professor Antony Basten AO (distinguished immunologist) and West Pittwater’s Adjunct Professor Nicholas Cowdery AO KC (retired lawyer).

The committee comprises specialists in immunology, emergency and general medicine, veterinary science, entomology, communications and other relevant disciplines.

TIARA is staffed by volunteers and does valuable work in widening awareness of tick avoidance techniques, tick induced allergies (including anaphylaxis and mammalian meat allergy), providing support to those affected and working towards a better understanding of the effects.

Ixodes holocyclus, commonly known as the paralysis tick, is not only the major species of tick found in the peninsula area that affects humans, it is also the species responsible for hypersensitivity reactions in humans. 

Tiara was established to:

⦁  Promote awareness of tick avoidance and tick-induced allergies to the public, health professionals, those in at-risk occupations, educators and government.

⦁  Provide resources and support for sufferers of tick-induced allergies who live remote from expert medical and dietetic advisors.

⦁  Promote research into the prevention & cure of tick-induced allergies.

⦁  Disseminate established tick management strategies and helps develop novel, proven tick management measures.

1. Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Lisa J. Workman, Nathan E. Richards, Jeffrey M. Wilson, Erin M. McFeely, Implications of a fatal anaphylactic reaction occurring 4 hours after eating beef in a young man with IgE antibodies to galactose-α-1,3-galactose. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, November 12 2025, ISSN 2213-2198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2025.09.039(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219825009535)


 

Tawny Frogmouths in Pittwater

The Tawny Frogmouth (Podargus strigoides) are nocturnal birds (night birds). During the day, they perch on tree branches, often low down, camouflaged as part of the tree.

This pair, photographed in our yard on Thursday November 27, have lived here for years - we hear them more often than we see them. They communicate with a soft, deep and continuous low 'oom oom oom'. They will make a loud hissing noise when threatened. 

Tawny Frogmouths are sedentary and pairs nest in the same area each year. They mate for life.

Tawny Frogmouths are often confused with owls, but are actually more closely related to the nightjars. Owls hunt by grasping prey in their strong talons. Tawny Frogmouths catch their prey using their beaks. Their feet are weak and lack the curved talons of owls. The eyes of Tawny Frogmouths are to the side of the face, while the eyes of owls are fully forward on their face.

Tawny Frogmouths have a distinctive triangular-shaped beak, wide at the base and coming to a hooked point, with feathery bristles around the top of the beak. They have a strong bite and sharp edges to the beak, which is larger than most other birds, relative to body size. 

The general plumage of the Tawny Frogmouth is silver-grey, slightly paler below, streaked and mottled with black and rufous. A second plumage phase also occurs, with birds being russet-red. The eye is yellow in both forms, and the wide, heavy bill is olive-grey to blackish. South-eastern birds are larger than birds from the north. Size Range: 34 cm to 53 cm.

The Tawny Frogmouth can be seen in almost any habitat type (except the denser rainforests and treeless deserts), including heath, forest and woodlands, urban and rural areas.

Tawny Frogmouths have a regular breeding season, but birds in more arid areas may breed in response to heavy rains. Both sexes incubate the eggs. The male sits during the day, but both sexes share sitting at night. The nest is a loose platform of sticks, which is usually placed on a horizontal forked tree branch. Normally only one brood is raised in a season, but birds from the south may have two.

Breeding Season: August to January in temperate Australia

Clutch size: 2 to 3

When first hatched, chicks have thick, fluffy white down. By two weeks they develop pale-grey down and pin feathers start to emerge on their wings and tail. At four weeks their adult feathers are emerging, and they leave the nest and perch. By five weeks they are fledged and learning to fly and hunt. The younger the chick, the shorter the tail.

Tawny frogmouth with two 32-day-old chicks, Melbourne. Photo: Alan U. Kennington

The bulk of the Tawny Frogmouth's diet is made up of nocturnal insects, worms, slugs and snails. Small mammals, reptiles, frogs and birds are also eaten. The bulk of their hunting is done in the first few hours after dusk and just before dawn. 

Most food is obtained by pouncing to the ground from a tree or other elevated perch. Some prey items, such as moths, are caught in flight, which has led to many unfortunate instances of birds being hit by cars while chasing insects illuminated in the beam of the headlights.

Tawny frogmouths in Pittwater pics: A J Guesdon, 2025.

Mona Vale Dunes bushcare group Update

What’s Happening? Mona Vale Dunes Bushcare group catch-up. 

Our last work morning for 2025 will be on Thursday December 13, meeting at the end of Golf Avenue at 8.30. In 2026 our usual work mornings will be the second Saturday and third Thursday of each month. You can come to either or both. 

We are maintaining an area south of Golf Avenue. This was cleared of dense lantana, green cestrum and ground Asparagus in 2019-2020. 600 tubestock were planted in June 2021, and natural regeneration is ongoing. 

The project is a partnership between Northern Beaches Council, Pittwater Natural Heritage Association Landcare with a 2019 grant for $12 215 from the Federal Government Communities Environment program and ongoing NBC bushcare support. 

Photos: The site In November 2019, chainsaws at the ready. In July 2025, look at the difference - coastal dune vegetation instead of dense weeds. But maintenance continues and bushcarers are on the job. Can you join us?

On Monday 9am December 1, Northern Beaches Council and boys from Shore School will plant 1000 tubestock shrubs and trees at the southern end of Mona Vale Dunes. All welcome to give a hand - wear enclosed footwear. This area was cleared of dense weeds in April 2023 - see our earlier post below. Weather forecast is for a cooler day. 

See you there!

(access to this southern of MV Dunes  - parking near Mona Vale Headland reserve, or walk from Golf Ave.) 

For comparison, see this image of MV dunes in 1969!, taken from atop the home units at the end of Golf Avenue. 

Seasonal Bushfire Outlook Summer 2025: Australian and New Zealand Council for fire and emergency services

Issued: November 27 2025

The Seasonal Bushfire Outlook for summer 2025-26 identifies a heightened risk of fire for regions in western and southern Western Australia and parts of central northern New South Wales. An increased risk of fire is also forecast for the south-west, western, central and north-central Victoria, as well as south-west Gippsland.

The increased bushfire risk potential is driven in part by severe rainfall deficits across parts of Victoria, along with high fuel loads in central northern NSW and the Yalgoo and the Geraldton Sandplains regions in WA. Persistent soil moisture deficits in parts of WA are driving increased bushfire risk in northern parts of the Swan Coastal Plain, Jarrah Forest, Esperance Plains, and Mallee regions.

Long-term rainfall deficiencies persist in southern South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, and western WA.

AFAC CEO Rob Webb said: “Australia’s climate and vegetation varies greatly and it’s vital to have experts from our fire services working hand in hand with climate experts from the Bureau. They leave no stone unturned to provide the best possible information.”

“Australia is a great place to be in summer but no matter where you live or travel this season, everyone can play an important role in bushfire safety by being prepared and staying alert to warnings and advice. Your local fire agency is the perfect place to find out exactly how to stay safe this summer.”

"Local fire authorities will be monitoring bushfire risk this season so you can stay up to date and ready to act if there is an emergency.

The Bureau of Meteorology report that for much of Australia, the forecast signal for December to February rainfall is weak, meaning there is roughly an equal chance of above or below average rainfall. Below average rainfall is likely for northern parts of WA, and some inland parts of the east. Chances of above average rainfall have generally decreased over recent forecasts, with a dry signal now more pronounced for the month of December.

Above average sea surface temperatures persist around much of the Australian coastline providing increased moisture and energy that can enhance the severity of storms and weather systems. December to February is likely to experience above average daytime temperatures for most of Australia, with overnight temperatures expected to be warmer almost nationwide. Soil moisture is average to above average for most parts of the country, with very high levels in parts of Tasmania.

La Nina is active but is likely to be short-lived while the Indian Ocean Dipole is negative but expected to return to neutral in December. Fire services will be monitoring continuously throughout summer because vegetation can dry rapidly under the wrong conditions.

Communities are encouraged to be vigilant and stay alert this summer, even in areas of Australia that show a normal risk of fire this season.

The Seasonal Bushfire Outlook combines expert analysis of bushfire fuels, past rainfall, temperature, and climate outlooks prepared by the Bureau of Meteorology.

This Seasonal Outlook was developed by AFAC, the Bureau of Meteorology, Queensland Fire Department, NSW Rural Fire Service, ACT Emergency Services Agency, ACT Parks and Conservation Service, Country Fire Authority, Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action VIC, Tasmania Fire Service, SA Country Fire Service, Department of Fire and Emergency Services, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions WA, and Bushfires NT.

The Bureau issues long-range forecast for summer

Issued: 27 November 2025

The Bureau of Meteorology has issued the long-range forecast for the 2025 summer season, and it shows summer days and nights are likely to be warmer than average across most of Australia.

Nationally, summer rainfall is likely to be below average for parts of the west and inland parts of the east.

However, for much of the east coast and south the summer forecast does not currently show a clear rainfall signal: there are near-equal chances of above or below average rainfall.

The forecast will evolve over summer, and the seasonal forecast will be updated every week.

The community can stay up to date with the latest long-range forecast on our website and select their location for detailed information about their area.

There is an increased chance of unusually warm daytime temperatures for much of the north-west of Australia, large parts of Queensland and much of the south-east including Tasmania.

There is an increased chance of unusually warm overnight temperatures across much of the country, especially in northern Australia.

The Indian Ocean Dipole is expected to return to neutral in December. The latest conditions in the tropical Pacific indicate a relatively week La Niña event is underway. This La Niña event is expected to be short-lived. Our rainfall forecast currently suggests there will be little overall influence from this event.

Every year between October and April is Australia's peak time for severe thunderstorms, tropical cyclones, flooding, heatwaves and bushfires. 

Severe thunderstorms are more common from October to December, bringing the risk of heavy rainfall, damaging winds, large hail and the risk of flooding anywhere in Australia. 

The Northern Australian wet season is currently underway where widespread rainfall is more likely and can lead to flooding. 

Australia's fire agencies advise there is an increased risk of fire for parts of Victoria, western and southern Western Australia, and parts of central northern New South Wales.

2025-2026 summer long-range forecast for states and territories: New South Wales and the ACT

Rainfall for December is likely to be below average for much of New South Wales and the ACT.

The forecast for January and February for most areas currently shows there are near-equal chances of above or below average rainfall.

The forecast for summer as a whole currently shows below average rainfall is likely for large parts of inland New South Wales.

Summer temperatures are likely to be above average during the day and overnight for much of New South Wales and the ACT.

There is an increased chance of unusually high overnight temperatures in the ACT and some central and eastern parts of New South Wales. 

Spring 2025: preliminary summary

Spring rainfall has been average to above average for much of the country but below average for parts of the south-east mainland.

While spring has been warmer than usual for most of the country, overall temperatures have been close to average for parts of the south, but cooler than usual for south-west Tasmania.

Spring daytime temperatures have been above average for much of the mainland, and very much above average for much of Queensland and the east coast, and parts of the north.

Heatwaves occurred in northern, central and eastern parts of the country in October and November.

Daytime temperatures have been close to average across parts of the south and below average for western Tasmania.

Spring night-time temperatures have been above to very much above average across much of the northern mainland.

Night-time temperatures have been close to average in much of the south-west and south-east, with areas of below average night-time temperatures in the central south-east and far south of Western Australia.

The national summary for spring and November will be on the Bureau's website from 1 December 2025.

Detailed summaries for spring and November for each state, territory and capital city will be published on 3 December 2025.

Long-sought environmental law reform is finally here. But will the compromise deal actually protect nature?

Brayden Stanford/Pexels, CC BY-NC-ND
Justine Bell-James, The University of Queensland; Euan Ritchie, Deakin University; Phillipa C. McCormack, University of Adelaide, and Yung En Chee, The University of Melbourne

Today is a landmark day for environmental law. After years of false starts and abandoned promises, Labor has finally struck a deal with the Greens to pass long-awaited changes to the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. The laws are expected to pass the Senate today – the final parliamentary sitting day of the year.

Change is long overdue, as the 25-year-old laws have been shown to be not fit for purpose. Australia’s unique species and ecosystems are in real trouble. Threatened species populations are falling year after year, while climate change is driving species to extinction and ecosystems towards collapse.

Significantly, neither Labor nor the Greens are declaring the bill a complete success. In its second reading today, Labor Senator Michelle Ananda-Rajah described the bill as “not perfect”, while the Greens described it as falling “woefully short” on climate.

Environment Minister Murray Watt was negotiating with both the Coalition and the Greens to pass the laws. While the Greens agreed to the deal and extracted key concessions on native forest protections, Watt has left some wins for business and the Liberal Party.

The compromise deal is indeed far from perfect. But after five years of stalled reforms, it’s clear significant compromise was the only way for the laws to pass.

What was in the original reform bill?

In late October, Labor introduced reforms that proposed a slew of changes to existing environment laws.

These included provisions for:

  • making national environmental standards to guide decision-making
  • a new federal environmental protection agency
  • planning at a bioregional scale to assess cumulative damage across a landscape

These changes were broadly positive. But other elements raised considerable concern, namely:

  • considerable ministerial discretion over whether to apply the new national environmental standards to development applications
  • a wide-ranging national interest exemption allowing the government to fast-track projects in the undefined “national interest”
  • fast-tracking for some decisions
  • allowing developers to pay into a “restoration fund” to compensate for biodiversity loss despite evidence it worsens biodiversity loss
  • excluding native forest logging from Commonwealth oversight
  • plans to devolve environmental decision-making to states, with the pro-mining and anti-regulation Western Australian government the first in line.

The original 500-page draft bill had areas of considerable uncertainty, such as requiring the minister to knock back developments if satisfied they would have “unacceptable impacts”. The idea was sound: create red lines where projects don’t have to be considered if damage to the environment would be too great. But the definitions were confusing and subjective.

For instance, an “unacceptable impact” on a critically endangered species was defined as one that “seriously impairs, will seriously impair, or is likely to seriously impair” species viability. But “seriously impair” was nebulously defined as “something if, compared to the action not being taken, the impact results in the thing being seriously altered for the worse”. Industry criticised this for setting the bar too low, fearing it would stop projects in their tracks.

What concessions have the Greens secured?

While the Labor-Greens deal means the bills can now pass the Senate, it hasn’t fundamentally changed what was introduced by Labor. The concessions include:

  • better protection for native forests
  • banning fast-tracking of new coal and gas projects
  • reining in ministerial discretion.

The Greens are claiming their major concession is the removal of a longstanding exemption for the logging industry for areas of native forest covered by Regional Forest Agreements. Forested areas under these agreements currently have no protection from federal environment laws.

Under the changes, these agreements will have to comply with the laws and meet higher standards within 18 months. The deal contains compensation for forestry workers. This is a clear win for the environment.

The Greens also secured modest progress on climate, but far short of their long-sought climate trigger, which was a non-starter for Labor.

Instead, the bill will be amended to remove coal and gas projects from fast-tracked approvals and to prevent the minister from declaring these to be projects to be in the “national interest”.

Crucially, the Greens claim the deal will tighten ministerial discretion. The original reforms said the minister “must be satisfied” a decision is “not inconsistent with” the National Environmental Standards. This gave the environment minister of the day wide leeway to depart from the standards and approve projects. The Greens are claiming a major win here by changing the language from “not inconsistent with” these standards to “consistent with”. This isn’t semantics – it’s a stricter legal test.

The amendments will also bring more land clearing under the environment assessment regime and allow the minister to declare some matters too important to be offset by paying into the new Restoration Contributions Fund. This could be a potentially important safeguard.

Wins for the Liberals?

In recent months, Watt has pitched these reforms as a win for the environment and for business, which would benefit from faster approvals. But businesses were wary of the nebulous concept of “unacceptable impacts”.

It looks like Liberal Senator Jonathon Duniam’s proposed changes to the definition of “unacceptable impacts” have been supported.

The definition of an “unacceptable impact” on a critically endangered species has been pared back to “seriously impairs […] viability”. This means projects can’t be knocked back if they are only likely to seriously impair viability.

“Seriously impair” has now been redefined as “something if, compared to the action not being taken, the impact results in an impairment or alteration of the thing that is of a severe nature and extent”. These are terms requiring subjective interpretation, but “severe nature” may make it harder to reject projects than “seriously altered for the worse”.

Will the new legislation stem the damage to nature?

The bar for improvement is low. Australia’s current environment laws are riddled with administrative discretion. Many projects are never assessed, and 99% of projects assessed under these laws are given the green light.

The revised bill contains some key elements proposed by the scathing 2020 Samuel Review, such as provision for National Environmental Standards, while the concessions won by the Greens reduce ministerial discretion. Samuel described today’s deal as a “great balance” between environment and business concerns.

Much will be up in the air even after these laws pass. The government has only drafted two of the many environmental standards anticipated, one on matters of national environmental significance and one on environmental offsets. It remains to be seen whether these standards will improve decision-making, and they are also not yet finalised. Major questions around the interpretation of language in the new laws may need to be hashed out in future court proceedings.

The Greens were unable to remove Labor’s new “pay to destroy” from the laws. This is a significant concern, as the controversial ability for developers to pay into a restoration fund will likely be seen as the easy route. This mechanism is already up and running in New South Wales, with poor outcomes.

What now?

These reforms are the end of a tortuous process – and the start of another, far bigger, job. To be successful, they will need to be coupled with far greater public investment and rigorous enforcement.

The true test of these reforms will be whether we succeed in the ultimate act of conserving and recovering the wildlife and places Australians know and love.The Conversation

Justine Bell-James, Professor, TC Beirne School of Law, The University of Queensland; Euan Ritchie, Professor in Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Deakin University; Phillipa C. McCormack, Future Making Fellow, Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, and Yung En Chee, Senior Research Fellow, Environmental Science, The University of Melbourne

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

More than 100 Australian conservation groups call for Labor’s environment law changes to be rejected

Before the new EPBC laws passed, one hundred and thirty community groups had signed a joint statement calling for the parliament to reject Federal Labor’s environmental law reforms.

The statement says the proposed changes to national environment laws will take the country backwards on environmental protection and community rights and interests.

“This statement is a clarion call for laws that actually improve the outcomes for nature and the communities who love and rely on it, and expect a fair go, transparency, and the space to have their say on matters that affect them,” said Lock the Gate Alliance Head of Research and Investigations, Georgina Woods. 

“There’s a huge breadth and number of organisations rejecting the Albanese Government’s gutting of Australia’s national environment laws, from the Top End to Port Phillip, from the Darling Downs to Derby and everywhere in between. 

“We are united in calling on the parliament to stop this smash and grab of Australia’s natural heritage.

“The Albanese Government’s environment reforms take a hatchet to already inadequate environmental protections and the public’s right to participate in decisions that affect us all.” 

Environment Centre NT director Kirsty Howey, who is also among the signatories said,  “Labor promised laws that protect nature, but instead, they're fast-tracking its destruction.

“Rural and regional communities across Australia on the frontlines have the most to lose, and these laws lock them out.

“This is a message from the heart and soul of the environment movement. Grass roots groups across the country say no to Labor’s nature law betrayal.”

The 130 groups endorsing the statement include:

  • More than 60 regional conservation councils, local environment centres and volunteer-based local nature conservation groups around regional Australia;
  • More than 30 volunteer-based suburban and local climate action and resilience groups from cities, towns and regions right around the country;
  • 19 national-scale advocacy organisations with a wide range of focuses including mining, forests, climate change, health, transparency and human rights;
  • Seven state- and territory-based conservation councils.

After the laws passed Lock the Gate Alliance stated it is relieved that plans to fast-track coal and gas projects under Australia’s national environment laws have been avoided, thanks to a determined effort by the Greens to fix the damaging Bills put forward by the Government.

Lock the Gate understands that:

  • Coal and gas projects that are caught under the water trigger will not be able to be handed back to state or territory governments for devolved decisions.
  • Coal and gas projects will not be subject to streamlined assessments that would have stripped out community consultation and fast-tracked approval  

Georgina Woods, Head of Research and Investigation at Lock the Gate Alliance said “The Albanese government squandered its opportunity to dramatically improve Australia’s national environment law to make it fit for the twenty-first century and the realities of climate change and ecosystem collapse.

“The Government’s focus all along was on haste and convenience for companies wanting to harm the environment, and that is reflected in the outcome of this process where the Greens have been forced to negotiate to ’save the furniture’ and reinstate existing protections. 

“It’s appalling that decisions will continue to be made without considering the contribution they will make to climate change, even as our communities, wildlife and environments face more frequent and intense extreme climate change-related weather events.

“We’re grateful to the Greens for backing regional communities and winning concessions so that the water impacts of expanding coal and gas mines will still require a decision by the Federal Government and the community will still have a say.

“There is still a long way to go in terms of finalising National Environment Standards that will be integral to the ultimate outcome of this scheme, and we’re calling on the Government to ensure they deliver strong standards that protect habitat, landscapes, and water resources.”

Scamps Measures Retained

Mackellar MP Dr Sophie Scamps, stated on the EPBC amendments:

''I’m delighted we’re finally seeing stronger protections for our environment – preserving our beautiful forests, safeguards for our precious water resources, and building a safer climate.

I’ve worked hard on this issue because protecting our nature and our animals from extinction is important to the people of Mackellar.''

This is a win that will shape the Australia our kids and future generations will inherit - a real step forward for our environment.''

''The legislation now contains several amendments I advocated and introduced:

  • Protecting groundwater and agriculture by restoring the water trigger as a federal responsibility in relation to fossil fuel projects
  • Rejecting fast tracking of coal and gas projects under so-called "national interest" provisions
  • Enhancing measures to stop illegal land clearing
  • Ending the exemption of Regional Forest Agreements from national environment legislation''

More in Week 2 November 2025 report: Labor's Pro-mining - Pro-Logging 'Environment Protection Reform Bill 2025' passed by house of representatives - Mackellar - Warringah MP's addresses

The Bills have been referred to the Senate Standing Committee on Environment and Communications for inquiry and report by 24 March 2026.

All seven bills were passed on Thursday November 6 through the incumbents majority and without any of the amendments tabled by the crossbench being agreed to, and days after six more plant species were listed as critically endangered in NSW, due to the impacts of climate change and logging, and Australia recorded its 39th marsupial extinction, that of the Christmas Island Shrew.

Professor Graeme Samuel, who wrote the blueprint for the revamp of the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act, with an independent review five years ago and watched the reforms go through in the upper house, has stated he is delighted by passage of the EPBC.

The Australian Financial Review published an Opinion Piece by him, 'Why I finally believe Canberra is getting my EPBC reforms done' on Thursday November 27 2025. Available here.

Grattan on Friday: when the music stopped, Greens had out-stepped flat-footed Liberals on environment deal

Michelle Grattan, University of Canberra

Come dance with me! That was Environment Minister Murray Watt’s invitation to the opposition as he prepared to push through his reforms to the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act.

Yes, get up and dance! That was business’s clear message to the Coalition. But it wouldn’t, or couldn’t agree with the government on mutually acceptable steps. The Greens could, and did. They won concessions on native forest logging and land clearing, and the exclusion of fossil fuel projects from the fast track approval process.

Finally, after more than five years, the EPBC job was done.

Watt always said he was open to dealing with either the Coalition or the Greens. The opposition is making all sorts of excuses, including that the legislation was rushed, but the bottom line is the Liberals failed an important test. It is the more galling because Ley, as environment minister, commissioned the independent review from Graeme Samuel that reported in 2020, on which this legislation is based.

The argument that the detailed legislation should have been held over until next year may appear superficially attractive but is flawed. The issue has dragged on for too long and more delay would only have invited slippage.

The government said the opposition was a shambles in its negotiations, including adding new demands as late as Wednesday. Among the Coalition negotiators Jonno Duniam, manager of opposition business in the Senate, seemed, according to Labor sources, the keenest to get a deal.

A week ago Duniam had certainly been confident there would be a Coalition-government agreement. Duniam was brought into the discussions in the last couple of weeks to support Angie Bell, the shadow environment minister. A Tasmanian from the conservative wing of the Liberals, Duniam is home affairs spokesman, but was previously shadow environment minister. In the Morrison government, he was assistant minister for forestry and fisheries, working under then-agriculture minister, Nationals leader David Littleproud. He was popular in the Littleproud office. “He did the shit Littleproud didn’t want to do,” says one observer from the time.

It’s not just business that would have preferred the deal to be with the Coalition. Western Australian Labor premier Roger Cook said on Thursday:

there has been a missed opportunity here and that missed opportunity was to do an agreement with the Liberal Party to make sure the legislation perhaps had further reflected the concerns about industry.

Samuel said after the decision that the Coalition had “dealt themselves into irrelevancy, following five years of obfuscation, obstruction and contradiction”. He said if business had problems with the legislation it should not complain to the government or the Greens, but to the opposition.

The reform is a major win for a government whose critics on the left are calling for it to be more reformist (although it doesn’t satisfy those who are hardline on fossil fuels). It should significantly speed up decisions for development projects as well as provide better environmental protection. It’s an impressive achievement personally for Watt, a pragmatic Queenslander from the left, who is one of the government’s best performing ministers.

Watt set out his determination to secure the legislation this final sitting week of 2025, consulted widely, negotiated endlessly, and was relatively transparent. He worked closely with the prime minister, who came into the negotiations in the closing stages to ensure a deal could be landed that was acceptable to stakeholders and deliverable quickly through the Senate.

While Watt could bask in his success, two colleagues, Treasurer Jim Chalmers and Climate and Energy Minister, Chris Bowen have ended the parliamentary year under substantial pressure.

As Chalmers prepares the budget update, released mid next month, this week’s uptick in inflation, to 3.8% over the year to October, not only underscores that home buyers won’t be getting any interest rate fall in the foreseeable future, but suggests the next rate move could possibly be up rather than down.

Chalmers is struggling to contain government spending for the next budget. That will hit the public service – which has just been told to find savings – but also likely other areas. Spending in general is running too high, and the early days of the term are when hard decisions need to be taken. Adding to Chalmers’ difficulties are calls for the mid-year update to extend relief on power bills, given the high energy costs. Chalmers says a decision has yet to be made.

In coming months Bowen will feel the political heat as much as Chalmers. The opposition targeted him in parliament, after the Australian government’s compromise deal with Turkey over next year’s United Nations climate conference (COP) which will see Bowen (as a consolation prize) in charge of negotiations.

The opposition is dubbing him the “part time” energy minister; Bowen insists the COP role can be readily fitted with his ministerial job. He was anxious to point out that most recent COP negotiators had had full ministerial positions as well. Within the government, there is a wait-and-see attitude on how the dual role will go for Bowen, who has his critics in Labor. Although the overload is seriously questionable – given the troubles in the energy transition and the political problem of power prices – the government can argue it is only for a year.

As the parliament wound down, a ceremony was held for the unveiling of former prime minister Malcolm Turnbull’s official portrait, with guests including former Liberal ministers Julie Bishop, George Brandis and Christopher Pyne. Unsurprisingly, Turnbull had some acerbic comments about the opposition’s performance on the environment bill, telling reporters, “the Coalition could have played an active role, but they chose not to. […] what few supporters they have left in the business community will just be horrified”. Ley dashed in for the obligatory handshake with the man in whose ministry she served, and then resigned from over a travel claim issue.

It was (of course) Barnaby Joyce who put on the show of the day, with his announcement to the parliament of his formal departure from the Nationals. Seeking relevance, the maverick is considered to be on his way to One Nation, although he is taking the slow train, and will for the moment be an independent.

Joyce, the smell of power in his nostrils, is likely to run as a One Nation candidate for the Senate. There, he said, they’d “have to come to me on each piece of legislation and say ‘what are your views?‘ I’ve done the Senate before – eight years, seven months and a day. I know that I know the job.”The Conversation

Michelle Grattan, Professorial Fellow, University of Canberra

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Birdwood Park Bushcare Group Narrabeen

The council has received an application from residents to volunteer to look after bushland at 199/201 Ocean street North Narrabeen.

The group will meet once a month for 2-3 hours at a time to be decided by the group. Activities will consist of weeding out invasive species and encouraging the regeneration of native plants. Support and supervision will be provided by the council.

If you have questions or are interested in joining the group please email the council on bushcare@northernbeaches.nsw.gov.au

Council's Open Coast & Lagoons Coastal Management Program (CMP's): Scoping Study Feedback invited until December 14

The council has commissioned  a Scoping Study as the first stage of its program towards the development of Coastal Management Programs (CMPs).


CMPs are used by local councils around NSW to establish coastal management goals and actions. Developed in consultation with the community and state government, a CMP creates a shared vision for management and provides the steps of how to get there through local input and costed actions.

The development of the CZMPs within NSW occurred under the former Act (Coastal Protection Act 1979). The current council has two certified CZMPs under the former Act - ‘Bilgola and Basin Beach’ and ‘Collaroy-Narrabeen-Fisherman's Beach’. 

In July 2016, weeks after the councils had been forcibly amalgamated and in response to the June 2016 storm, the NSW state government installed administrator Dick Persson outlined a Draft Coastal Erosion Policy for Collaroy that resulted in the December 2016 Coastal Zone Management Plan for Collaroy-Narrabeen Beach and Fishermans Beach being formalised under the same administration.

That Administrators Minute stated:

I am advised that the initial estimates for 1.1km of works from The Marquesas to 1096 Pittwater Road has been estimated at approximately $22 million. While Council will work with the State Government to meet the cost of directly protecting public assets in this area (approximately $5.5 million), I will also ask the State Government to join Council in providing up to 10% each towards the cost of private protection as a contribution subject to a positive cost benefit analysis for these public assets. Early estimates suggest this contribution could be approximately. This contribution has been estimated at approximately $3.3 million ($1.65 million from State and $1.65 million from Council) and is in recognition of the public asset protection that is provided by these private properties.
....
A recent report by the Sydney Coastal Council’s Group identified that to combat the impact of sea level rise in the Collaroy-Narrabeen embayment significant volumes of sand will be required as these impacts are felt. For example, it is predicted that some 1.3 million cubic metres of sand (approximately 4 times the amount removed during the June storms) will be required for the first 10 year nourishment effort, and around 420,000 cubic metres for each following 10 year campaign.

In 2009 dollars this will cost around $30 million for the first 10 year nourishment, and around $12 million for each following 10 year campaign. These costs are based on the assumption that sand nourishment will be undertaken across large areas of the NSW coast and the costs shared accordingly. 
....
Works on this scale are simply unaffordable for Northern Beaches Council on its own, and the responsibility for delivery of offshore sands must be shared with benefitting Councils and also with State and Federal Government. The State Government is obviously best placed to co-ordinate and manage such an undertaking, and I will write to the Premier to request that the State provides a long-term sand replenishment strategy for NSW that addresses the many issues I have raised, and amends the Offshore Minerals Act (1999) to enable effective medium and long term beach amenity to be preserved. 

As a result of the approved CZMP a 7.5m concrete seawall was installed at Collaroy, resulting in more rapid and greater erosion, and a slower beach recovery, and a now annual cost to ratepayers to move the sand funnelled into the Narrabeen Lagoon entrance to be shifted back to that part of Collaroy beach.

In September 2022 a further application for an extension of this wall towards North Narrabeen (DA2021/1612) between Clarke Street and Mactier was approved despite 93% of respondents objecting to the proposal. The cost of this section of works was listed as $ 2,047,433.00 of which 10% will be met by council and 10% by the state government - or 20% by taxpayers and ratepayers in real terms.

The beach has also been the site of “line in the sand protests” against vertical seawalls in 2002 and more recently on November 27, 2021

Although the transition from the CZMP to CMP occurred in 2016 with the introduction of the Coastal Management Act 2016 (see above report), the December 2016 Coastal Zone Management Plan for Collaroy-Narrabeen Beach and Fishermans Beach was progressed.

The council states these two existing CZMP’s have now expired and will be updated in the ‘Open Coast and Lagoons’ and ‘Collaroy-Narrabeen’ CMPs.

Now, 9 years later, the council is taking steps to become compliant.

The CMPs will also incorporate Estuary Management Plans that are currently in place for the four lagoons; Manly, Curl Curl, Dee Why and Narrabeen.

The NSW Government CMP manual prescribes a mandatory five-stage process to developing a CMP. Typically, each stage takes a year to complete, however the time it takes varies upon the baseline information, level of complexity, size and area, and community engagement that has previously been undertaken, the council states.

Local councils and public authorities are required to manage their coastal areas and activities in accordance with relevant state legislation, policies and plans.

The framework for managing the NSW coast includes:
  • Coastal Management Act 2016 (CM Act)
  • State Environmental Planning Policy (Resilience & Hazards) 2018 (R&H SEPP)
  • Coastal management programs (CMPs), prepared in accordance with the NSW coastal management manual.
The Open Coast and Lagoons CMP covers a large area (Palm Beach to Manly) and has a wide range of issues, the council states. As with all CMPs, it will require technical studies and community and stakeholder engagement, and is likely to take around 5 years to complete, the council states.

For the Collaroy-Narrabeen CMP, extensive technical studies and community engagement will occur with the council aiming to have a certified CMP in place by 2026.

The Hawkesbury-Nepean CMP (incorporating the Pittwater waterway and being led by Hornsby Council) and Outer Sydney Harbour CMP (incorporating North and Middle Harbor and being led by the Sydney Coastal Councils Group) are at Stages 3 (November 2024 for Pittwater estuary was last update) and Stages 2-4 for North and Middle Harbor. The work is expected to take approximately three years to complete for North and Middle Harbor which was due to commence in early to mid-2025.

The council is currently inviting feedback on its commissioned Scoping Study from Monday November 3 until Sunday December 14 2025. 

Previously:



Collaroy on January 4th 2022. Image: Ian Bird Photography.


Collaroy on January 4th 2022. Image: Ian Bird Photography.

Narrabeen Lagoon entrance near bridge: dredging works and kayakers, October 2025. Photos: Joe Mills

NSW Government invests $20 million to grow state’s aquaculture industry: submit ideas now

On Monday November 24, 2025 the Minns Government launched the $20 million Aquaculture Industry Development Program which aims to strengthen and expand the NSW seafood industry’s economic contribution to NSW.

The program is designed to boost productivity and increase sustainability across farming operations for oysters, mussels, kelp, and algae, plus freshwater and marine fish hatcheries and bioproducts.

By investing in sustainability and productivity, the Minns Government is helping future-proof the industry, attract investment, and ensure regional communities continue to benefit from a strong, resilient seafood sector.

This grant program enables further action for implementing the Minns Government’s Aquaculture Vision Statement released last year.

The vision was developed by the NSW Government with close input from industry and experts to deliver a strategic pathway to achieve the goal of doubling the state’s aquacultural farmgate production to $300 million by 2030.

Under the program, the aquaculture and commercial fishing industries will have access to two targeted funding streams, offering grants from $500,000 to $2 million, for the following:

  • Stream One - Projects focused on infrastructure upgrades to support growth and productivity, such as equipment upgrades, supply chain improvements and new product development.
  • Stream Two - Projects that reduce carbon emissions and promote reuse and regeneration of materials, such as converting equipment to lower emissions or creating bioproducts and utilising waste streams such as processing of oyster shells.

The Aquaculture Industry Development Program is part of the NSW Government’s broader commitment to support local manufacturing, food security, net zero goals, and economic development in regional communities.

This $20 million investment will help the sector address opportunities and challenges facing the industry such as:

  • incoming mandatory Country-of-Origin Labelling requirements for seafood served in hospitality venues from 2026
  • managing environmental and biosecurity risks in fisheries and hatcheries
  • supply chain challenges of getting produce to state, national and international markets.

Aboriginal businesses and organisations, including Aboriginal Community-Controlled Organisations, are strongly encouraged to apply.

The NSW Government’s Aquaculture Vision Statement supports industry growth through enhancing productivity, streamlining legislation, and supporting innovative research.

The Aquaculture Industry Development Program is part of the NSW Government’s Regional Development Trust that is delivering strategic investments to drive economic development and better outcomes for our regional communities.

Business and organisations are encouraged to apply and submit projects by the end of Sunday 18 January 2026. Program details can be found at:  nsw.gov.au/aidp

Minister for Agriculture and Regional NSW, Tara Moriarty said:

“This program will deliver real economic benefits and jobs to regional and coastal communities by helping seafood businesses grow and become more efficient.

“This is a great opportunity for regional aquaculture and commercial fishing businesses to tap into the growing national and global appetite for high-quality protein.

“It means the industry can innovate and look at growing the exciting new developments in seaweed, algae and freshwater and marine bioproducts.

“Ultimately it’s about boosting jobs, strengthening our seafood and emerging bioproducts sectors, and making sure we can keep enjoying the great seafood New South Wales is known for.”

President NSW Farmers, Xavier Martin said:

“The NSW aquaculture industry has set a target to double its farmgate production value to $300 million by 2030, and this initiative will help achieve this through industry innovation, climate change adaptation and the diversification of products.

“As the sector recovers, this program will help ensure industry can manage the risks and take advantage of opportunities in the coming years and decades, through the sustainable development of our natural resources and support for innovation.”

OceanWatch CEO, Lowri Pryce said:

“The Aquaculture Industry Development Program will benefit development and innovation across the seafood sector, including supply chain innovation, carbon net zero and seafood traceability initiatives.

“We know these grants will be well-received by commercial fishers in NSW who are looking for new opportunities to develop and innovate, to ensure a sustainable future for their industry.”

Emission reduction technology pilot for Appin coal mine approved

On Friday November 28 the Minns Labor Government announced it has approved a modification to the Bulli Seam Operations coal mine in the Illawarra that will deliver significant environmental benefits and support jobs in the Illawarra region.

Under the approval, GM3 - Illawarra Coal Holdings Pty Ltd will construct and operate a pilot regenerative thermal oxidiser at its Appin Mine ventilation site. This system captures ventilation air and heats it to break down methane into carbon dioxide and water, reducing emissions released into the atmosphere.

Methane gas is one the most potent greenhouse gases, and over 80 times more impactful than carbon dioxide. It’s estimated that using the oxidiser to convert emissions from methane to carbon dioxide will reduce the mine’s greenhouse gas emissions by 36,000 tonnes each year when implemented at full scale. The nSW Government stated this is equivalent to taking 8,500 petrol cars off the road for a year. 

The approval marks a major step forward in advancing emissions reduction technologies in the mining sector and are a critical part of the plan to meet the state’s legislated climate targets.

The Bulli Seam Operations primarily produces metallurgical coal for steelmaking, a key component of domestic and international supply chains. The approved modification does not change how much coal the project is able to extract.

The mine employs around 1,100 people, and construction of the oxidiser will create around 20 to 30 jobs over 12 months.

The modification also includes ancillary infrastructure and minor site works, such as vegetation clearing and earthworks, at the site located 25 kilometres northwest of Wollongong.

Minister for Planning and Public Space Paul Scully stated:

“The approval of this modification allows the Appin mine to improve its environmental performance while continuing to provide coal for steelmaking. 

“Once complete the new regenerative thermal oxidiser will cut green gas emission by 36,000 tonnes every year.

“Innovations like this one reduce emissions to progress towards our legislated emissions reduction targets.”

Minister for Finance and Natural Resources Courtney Houssos said:

“The Appin mine has been a major employer in the Illawarra for many years, and this approval demonstrates our commitment to the industry’s sustainability.

“This is a good example of the investments being made by the coal mining industry to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, while continuing to extract the metallurgical coal critical to producing steel.

“This means fewer emissions and more jobs – a win for the environment and for the NSW economy.”

GM3 stated on November 26 it is ''pleased to announce that we have received approval by the NSW Department of Planning, Housing and Infrastructure to construct and operate a ventilation air methane (VAM) abatement demonstration plant as part of our Bulli Seam Operations (BSO) Project (Appin Mine)''.

''The Project will serve as a significant case study for the industry, showcasing the practical application of VAM abatement for fugitive emissions from underground coal mines. Its successful implementation and outcomes would provide valuable insights and data to inform future VAM abatement projects.''

GM3 CEO Peter Baker welcomed the Project approval, stating:

“This Project is an exciting step forward in our industry’s commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and driving innovation in the mining sector. It reflects our long-term commitment to delivering sustainability across all aspects of our business.”

The demonstration plant and associated infrastructure will be located adjacent to our existing Appin Mine Ventilation Shaft No.6 at Douglas Park, within the Wollondilly Local Government Area.

VAM contains low concentration methane in the mine ventilation air that existing gas drainage technologies are unable to capture. The plant will trial Regenerative Thermal Oxidiser (RTO) technology to convert VAM from Appin Mine into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water through controlled oxidisation. With methane having around 28 times the global warming potential than CO2, VAM abatement offers a significant opportunity for GM3 to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions.

Once operational, the demonstration plant aims to reduce GHG emissions by approximately 36,000 tonnes CO2-e per year.

The demonstration plant will be constructed and operated under strict environmental approval conditions set by the New South Wales Government.

Construction of the plant is expected to commence in 2026 and will be completed in approximately 12 months.

Along with the substantial investment in this technology by GM3, the Project is supported by a grant of up to A$15 million from the Coal Innovation NSW Fund – a NSW government program established to support research, development and the demonstration of low emissions coal technologies for future commercial application.''

For more information on the Project, visit the GM3 Community website.

An image from mine owner GM3 of what the methane abatement plant would look like. Picture supplied

Crisafulli Government recommends approval for new koala killing - climate polluting coal mine: Lock the Gate

The Lock the Gate Alliance has criticised the Crisafulli Government's recommendation that a massive new BHP-owned coal mine in Central Queensland be approved.

The incumbent Liberal Queensland government indicated it would greenlight BHP’s Saraji East coal mine on Wednesday November 26, 2025 with the Environment Department issuing a recommended approval in its EIS assessment report (see page 3). 

Saraji East mega coal mine would (Source: project EIS):

  • Clear 1,160 hectares of koala habitat and 748 hectares of greater glider habitat (See page 129);
  • Be responsible for more than 320 million tonnes of climate pollution
  • Drain 8,857 megalitres of groundwater over the 20-year mine life
  • Mine 110 million tonnes of coal and operate until 2045. 

Lock the Gate Alliance Queensland Coordinator Maggie Mckeown said, “BHP is a climate and environmental vandal. Its new Saraji East coal mine will drain precious water Queenslanders rely on while fueling dangerous climate change that causes worsening droughts, extreme heat, fires, and storms.

“Saraji East will bulldoze more than a thousand hectares of habitat home to Australia’s much loved koala and greater glider, which are already facing extinction due to the combined impacts of land clearing and climate change. 

“This new coal mine exposes BHP as crying poor over royalties. BHP can’t claim Queensland’s royalty rates are stymying investment while at the same time building new polluting coal mines. 

“Regional Queenslanders need a plan for the future that puts them in the driver’s seat and embraces the opportunities of the energy transition. They don’t need more polluting coal mines that prioritise corporate profits over communities while fueling climate change that is destroying what we love most about our beautiful state.”

Saraji East is just one of three new coal projects BHP is progressing, the other two being the Saraji Mine Grevillea Pit Continuation Project, and the Peak Downs Extension Project, which would operate for nearly a century until 2116.

The approval comes shortly after a Lock the Gate investigation found that BHP had been knowingly polluting creeks and waterways downstream of its Blackwater coal mine in Central Queensland for over a decade.

Earlier this month, BHP was found liable for the 2015 Brazil dam disaster where its dam collapsed, killing 19 people and causing one of the biggest environmental disasters in the world. 

Adani vs Pennings: Victory Statement By Ben Pennings - heads south to Rising Tide 2025

On November 26, 2025 news broke that after 5+ years Adani has dropped their Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation (SLAPP) suit, the biggest and longest in Australian history, against Ben Pennings.

Ben Pennings, a parent and small business owner, who describes himself as a ''Proud member of The Queensland Greens and the Media, Entertainment & Arts Alliance''. Ben states he grew up in working class suburbs of Adelaide and Sydney, and is now living with his family in Brisbane

''Through hard work, strategic campaigning and the occasional News Limited hit job, I’ve become a renowned environmental advocate. But becoming a prominent grassroots environmental campaigner in Queensland has certainly brought pitfalls.'' he stated earlier

''I do not currently face death threats but Adani has been aggressively pursuing me in the Supreme Court since June 2020. They hired private investigators to follow my wife to work and children to school before failing twice in secret hearings to raid my family home.

The case Adani is pursuing against me is the biggest of its kind for decades. It literally threatens the political freedom of all Australians. Despite being ‘worth’ $100+ billion, Gautam Adani wants to take my family’s home as a threat to peaceful protesters.'' he stated

On November 26 2025 Pennings signed off on an order that ended the years long proceedings, as plaintiffs Adani Mining and Carmichael Rail Network dropped the 26 August 2020 filed lawsuit against him, that at one time had been seeking $600 million worth of damages.

The activist considers the movement can learn from this Queensland Supreme Court case, which had involved five different versions of Adani’s claim over time, and damages that dropped to $6 million, as it has set precedent wherein it’s now understood that such lawfare should only be waged when its claimed a defendant primarily sought to harm a plaintiff and was not prioritising an altruistic cause.

Galilee Blockade organiser Pennings drew the ire of Gautam Adani, one of the richest people on the planet, due to his campaigning against his company, which has been known as Bravus in Australia since 2020, and more specifically to disrupt the operation of the Indian mining giant’s Carmichael coalmine, which is located on Wangan and Jagalingou Country in Queensland’s Galilee Basin.

Although Mr. Pennings has agreed to certain stipulations, he’s vowed to continue fighting for the environment, and this weekend is at Newcastle and among the 2025 Rising Tide event running from November 27 until December 2. Artists playing this weekend include Montaigne, The Herd, Pittwater's Lime Cordiale and DOBBY. 

On Saturday November 29 Rising Tide’s People’s Blockade of the World’s Largest Coal Port entered its third day with the morning launch a mass flotilla of kayaks and other water craft in Newcastle Harbour to protest coal exports as Australia’s biggest contribution to the climate crisis. 

The flotilla displayed a giant floating banner that reads “TAX COAL PROFITS - FUND NEW JOBS”. The flotilla is expected to last until Sunday afternoon, with people maintaining a presence on the water continuously, including overnight. 

Prior to the launch of the flotilla, high profile campaigners addressed the crowd including Rev. Faaimata (Mata) Havea Hiliau, Pasifika Leader and Moderator of the NSW Uniting Church; Greg Mullins, former Commissioner of Fire and Rescue New South Wales; Barbara Ibuai Saibai Islader and climate justice advocate and Senator Larissa Waters Leader of the Australian Greens.

Zack Schofield, Rising Tide Spokesperson said: 

“Thousands of ordinary people have come from all over Australia to join the People's Blockade of the World’s largest coal port and highlight Australia’s enormous contribution to the climate crisis through its coal exports.”  

“We’re calling on state and federal governments to protect Australians from the climate crisis by stopping the approval of new coal projects and heavily tax coal export profits to fund new jobs and industries, and a community-led transition away from coal.”

“We are here to show leadership where the government has failed. State and Federal governments are allowing multinational  coal corporations to get away with profiting from polluting our climate and not paying their fair share of tax. When governments won't stand up to the greedy coal billionaires the people will.”

Rev. Faaimata (Mata) Havea Hiliau, Pasifika Leader and Moderator of the NSW Uniting Church stated: 

“Climate change caused by burning coal and gas is devastating our planet and God’s Creation - we must change course urgently. More people are suffering in heat waves, floods and droughts, and people on low-lying islands - like my family members in the Pacific - are at great risk of seeing their homes go underwater. I stand with the thousands of people today calling on the government to seek better, fairer and more equitable climate policy through safe and peaceful protest.”

Barbara Ibuai Founder & Principal of Torres Strait Islander led non profit Climate Collective Zenadth Kes, said: 

“We are here because we continue to hear the urgent call of our collective custodianship to our lands, seas, rivers across Australia. We are here because we recognise that climate harm is because of human harm. This must stop. Standing in solidarity, with the demand for immediate discontinuation of new coal projects, immediate taxing of fossil fuel export profits to fund community and industrial transition and payment of climate loss and damage. Time is ticking”. 

Greg Mullins, Former Commissioner of Fire and Rescue New South Wales and founding member of Emergency Leaders for Climate Action said: 

"As a firefighter I've witnessed first-hand over more than 50 years how climate change has supercharged disasters including droughts, heatwaves, fires and floods. The devastating Black Summer fires and subsequent record floods that caused so much misery and grief seem to be conveniently fading from the memories of some politicians and parties. It is breath-taking that some seem to be so ethically compromised or unintelligent that they can seriously argue there is no need for net zero, or that our exports of coal and gas don't come back to bite us in the form of escalating disasters. As electors we need to use our people power to remind them who they work for, and that all of us care deeply about our planet, the environment, and our kids' futures."

The 2024 People’s Blockade of the World’s Largest Coal Port saw 7,000 people gather in Newcastle for a week-long protest calling for an end to new coal and gas projects and increased funding to support workers during the transition away from coal. It culminated in the largest single act of civil disobedience for climate action in Australia’s history and attracted international media attention, with 170 people getting arrested for blockading the Newcastle coal port.

Organisers are expecting the 2025 People’s Blockade of the World’s Largest Coal Port to be the biggest yet. Over the last two days thousands have arrived from around the country, participating in workshops, talks and training. Thousands are expected to join over the weekend to participate in the flotilla in the Newcastle Coal Port.

Rising Tide 2025, Friday November 28 2025.  Pics: RT/FB/Insta

Ben Pennings statement after the case ended:

I’m beyond ecstatic this harrowing case is over but very angry the current law allows it. Adani has willfully abused our court system with 5 versions of their claims against me in 5 years. They tried to silence me forever but I can again speak freely about the damage they are doing to Australia’s democracy and precious places. They’ve tried to intimidate concerned citizens but Galilee Blockade will again actively resist Adani’s reckless plans for Australia. 

This is a massive victory for everyone who believes in democracy, free speech, and the right to protest. It shows that ordinary people can resist corporate bullying and win. I’m deeply grateful to my family, my community, and everyone who helped me fight this. 

The time and money spent on this case demonstrates the impact of the Stop Adani movement, particularly the strategic whistleblowing and civil disobedience tactics of Galilee Blockade between 2017 to 2020. Adani would have spent over $10 million publicly persecuting me and my family but also completely betrayed the whole fossil fuel sector. The information Adani volunteered will greatly inform future strategy of the environment movement determined to stop new fossil fuel projects that put our lives and livelihoods at risk.

Democracy, fairness and the right to peaceful protest has won. Legal precedent set through the case makes it harder for any corporation to attack and silence Australians through aggressive legal action. But no-one should ever have to go through what I did. We need legal protections in Australia to stop corporations from abusing the courts to silence public participation.

In an ironic twist of fate, the US Government has an arrest warrant out for centi-billionaire Gautam Adani, alleging multi-billion dollar bribery and fraud, punishable by up to 20 years in prison.

Adani hired big burly men to follow my kids around, twice tried to raid our house and dragged me through harrowing Supreme Court litigation for over five years. This was all legal. Labor and the Coalition are clearly more intent on pursuing peaceful climate protectors rather than the violent fossil fuel companies incinerating our future. I’m thankful the Greens have stood by me and hope they can convince Labor to outlaw SLAPP suits, a prevailing threat to our democracy. 

I’ve had over five years to think about what I’ll do after winning this court case that has helped protect the freedoms of all Australians. We are in a climate emergency and I will never back away from urgent and bold collective action that has long lasting impacts. 

I’d like to give my heartfelt thanks to Marque Lawyers and my wonderful legal team of Kiera, Lauren, Andrea, Alice, Michael, Claire, Dan and Maxwell. My family has stood strong and supported me, with special thanks to my eldest daughter Isabella, my sister Catherine and my mum Penny.

My life has been dramatically altered by two devastating family tragedies during the court case. I couldn’t have prevailed raising four wonderful young people while facing bankruptcy without the care and solidarity of my friends, colleagues and comrades. Special thanks to Amanda, Donna, Holly, Moira, Ed, Bob, Adrian, Michael, Zaida, Anne, Jenny, Marcus, Angela, Malcolm and Charmian. Also the mental health professionals I’ve accessed and wonderful men who have supported me in my men’s group and at men’s gatherings. 

The team at my fundraising platform Chuffed.org have been wonderful and professional. A massive thanks to the prominent Australians publicly supporting me and the tens of thousands of champions who donated to my legal fund. 

A final shout out to few of the music makers that have sustained me through these tough years – Gurridyula, Regurgitator, Amyl and the Sniffers, Midnight Oil, Ben Lee, Fugazi and Chumbawamba. 

Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Repeal Bill 2025 Passes NSW Parliament

On Thursday November 27 2025 the Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Repeal Bill 2025, 'An Act to repeal the Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Act 2018; to make consequential amendments to the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974; and for related purposes', passed the Upper House in the NSW Parliament.

Introduced into the Legislative Assembly on motion by Dr Joe McGirr (Wagga Wagga), Dr. McGirr stated in his Second Reading Speech, the bill removes legislation that has for too long undermined the essence of the Kosciuszko National Park and the protection of our precious natural heritage.

''In May, I spoke in this place in support of a petition calling for the repeal of the Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Act 2018. That petition, signed by more than 11,000 concerned citizens from across New South Wales, was testament to a fundamental truth: The Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Act flies in the face of logic, environmental science and responsible national park management. This is widely recognised across political aisles.''

''I note that at the time of the petition debate, speakers from the Government, the Opposition and The Greens spoke in support of the petition and nobody spoke against it. They agreed that the reason for repealing this Act is simple and undeniable. It has the bizarre and indefensible effect of elevating an introduced, invasive species—feral horses—above the native animals and plants that our national parks are established to protect. In environmental terms, this Act cannot be justified. It is a law that empowers destruction. Feral horses, as we know, are not benign additions to the alpine environment. They are large, hard­-hoofed animals without natural predators in this ecosystem, and the landscape has not evolved to cope with their presence. They trample delicate wetlands, pollute pristine waterways, compact the soil and contribute significantly to erosion.''

Wakehurst MP Michael Regan contributed to the debate during the October 16 lower house reading, stating:

''I support the Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Repeal Bill 2025. The Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Act 2018 has long been controversial. It mandates that a herd of wild horses be maintained in Kosciuszko National Park, even as those animals continue to inflict damage on fragile alpine ecosystems. Under the Act, we legally require that the horse population be reduced only to a level of 3,000 across 32 per cent of the park by 2027, effectively locking in the presence of horses, regardless of the environmental cost. Yet, across our mountain regions, we see the consequences: wetlands trampled, streams churned, native plants suppressed and habitats of endemic species degraded. The science is quite clear: These horses are not benign bystanders; they are agents of ongoing ecological harm. To continue to enshrine their protection in legislation is to bind ourselves to environmental decline.''

''By repealing the 2018 Act, this bill offers us a chance to restore balance and prioritise native species, ecological integrity and landscape resilience. This bill is about restoring the health of the unique, iconic environment of the Australian Alps. Importantly, the bill is not a call for unthinking destruction of all horses. Rather, it gives us control and the responsibility to design a future management plan grounded in science, compassion and restoration.''

''Many people on the northern beaches have a strong connection to the Australian Alps, visiting to enjoy the snow season or mountain biking and bushwalking in the summer. I get a lot of correspondence from my constituents of Wakehurst about wild horses in Kosciuszko National Park, mostly lamenting the ecological destruction they cause, but there are a few calling for their protection. I acknowledge that people have real emotional, cultural and historical attachments to the brumby. But, in a national park, holistic ecosystem health must be the priority. I support the bill and commend the member for Wagga Wagga for his leadership on this issue over many years.''

The Greens state the NSW Parliament has finished its final sitting week of 2025 with a double win for the environment and invasive species management, with a bill from the Shooters Party to weaken gun laws failing to get through, and the repeal of the laws protecting invasive species in the Kosciuszko National Park passing the Upper House late into the last sitting day of the year.

The NSW Upper House refused to change rules governing debate times on Wednesday evening after the Labor Government attempted to ram through their agreed gun law changes with the Shooters Party. The next day, during Government time, the Parliament agreed that the Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Repeal Bill should be debated until finished, and has now passed both houses of the NSW Parliament.

Greens MP, Solicitor and spokesperson for the environment Sue Higginson said:

“The net result of what has happened this week, with these two bills, is a phenomenal win for the community and for the environment,”

“While the Shooters’ publicly funded gun lobby was supported by the Labor Government and Premier Chris Minns, the Parliament has refused to give in to those demands, and refused to weaken our gun laws and undermine invasive species control,”

“The repeal of the legal protections for damaging feral horses in Kosciuszko National Park has righted a wrong committed by the Former Deputy Premier John Barilaro,”

“It was an obscene misuse of power and Government when the Nationals legislated for the protection of an invasive species in our only alpine National Park, but it has now been made right because Labor and the Liberals, with others finally joined the Greens to get this done,”

“Both of these wins ultimately go to the community. Each of these bills attracted incredible attention for different reasons, and it’s clear from the feedback we’ve had that the bill with community support to protect Kosci has passed, while the fringe interests of the gun lobby have been sent off till next year. I couldn’t be happier,” Ms Higginson said.

The Invasive Species Council and politicians across the political spectrum hailed the Bills passage as a landmark victory for nature, with both houses of NSW Parliament voting to finally repeal the controversial Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Act – ending years of political protection for feral horses in Kosciuszko National Park.

The Kosciuszko Wild Horse Heritage Repeal Bill 2025, first introduced by Wagga Wagga MP Dr Joe McGirr and supported in the Upper House by MLC Jeremy Buckingham, passed with bipartisan and crossbench backing from Labor, Liberal, Greens, Legalise Cannabis and Independent MPs.

The repeal marks a historic turning point for Kosciuszko’s fragile alpine landscapes and the native wildlife, like the southern corroboree frog and broad-toothed rat, pushed to the brink of extinction by feral horses, the Invasive Species Council said

Snowy River guide, Reclaim Kosci co-founder and Invasive Species Council Indigenous Ambassador Richard Swain, thanks the Hon Penny Sharpe, current Minister for the NSW Environment for the work she had already done on reducing the impacts of feral species in the park. Mr. Swain said on Friday, November 28:

‘Today, Country can breathe again. This is a victory for truth over mythology, and for those who have fought for generations to protect these high places and the life they hold.

‘For years, we’ve watched the alpine wetlands dry out, the snow-grass trampled, the frogs and fish vanish. To finally see our Parliament stand with Country and the people who have fought for it – that’s something to be proud of. It shows that courage and compassion can walk together.’

Invasive Species Council CEO Jack Gough said:

‘This is more than a victory for Kosciuszko. It’s a signal to every corner of the country that we can change course – that we can put truth, science and care for nature above politics and fear.

‘Barilaro’s law was a political stunt that placed a feral species above some of our most endangered wildlife. Repealing it restores balance and integrity to how we care for nature.

‘This win belongs to the community who have campaigned relentlessly for almost a decade to right this wrong and to a courageous group of cross-party MPs who put partisanship aside for the sake of our wildlife.

‘No one likes to see animals killed, but the sad reality is that we have a choice to make between urgently reducing the numbers of feral horses or accepting the destruction of sensitive alpine ecosystems and habitats, and the decline and extinction of native animals.’

NSW Minister for Climate Change, Energy, Environment and Heritage Penny Sharpe said:

‘This is a landmark decision by a cross-party group in the NSW Parliament that will protect our state’s only alpine national park.

‘I have visited Kosciuszko National Park and clearly seen that control of wild horses is enabling the natural ecosystem to bounce back.

‘This Bill will ensure that horses are treated the same way as other invasive species in NSW national parks.

‘My thanks go to those who have campaigned to protect our fragile alpine ecosystems.’

Independent MP for Wagga Wagga Dr Joe McGirr, whose electorate covers one third of Kosciuszko National Park, said:

‘Today the NSW Parliament has corrected a serious mistake. The Wild Horse Heritage Act put symbolism ahead of science and ideology ahead of evidence – and our most fragile alpine landscapes paid the price.

‘Repealing this law restores integrity to environmental decision-making in New South Wales. It puts the protection of endangered species, alpine wetlands and drinking-water catchments back where it belongs – in the hands of our professional national parks staff.

Legalise Cannabis MLC Jeremy Buckingham said:

‘This repeal is a win for reason, for science and for the future of Kosciuszko. For too long, a feral animal was given special political protection while endangered native species were left to suffer the consequences.

‘Today, the Parliament chose evidence over mythology – and the environment over political convenience.’

Liberal Member for Albury Justin Clancy, whose electorate covers one third of Kosciuszko National Park, said:

‘This decision is about the kind of legacy we leave behind. Kosciuszko is a living, breathing landscape that demands active care.

‘Protecting it now means future generations will inherit a park defined by healthy rivers, thriving wildlife and resilient high country.’

Labor Member for Monaro Steve Whan, whose electorate covers one third of Kosciuszko National Park, said:

‘KNP is our regions International icon, it was created to protect a unique and precious natural environment. It is an environmental and tourism gem. Having legislation to protect an introduced species – however ‘iconic’ – was a travesty.’

Greens MP and spokesperson for the environment Sue Higginson:

‘The legal retention of damaging invasive species in the Kosciuszko National Park was offensive to the majority of people in NSW, and thousands of our Members and supporters will be sighing with relief now that this repeal bill has passed.

‘Our precious and singular alpine protected area that is Kosci will finally be prioritised for the native species that can live nowhere else in the world. This is a win that we can all celebrate together, along with the precious broad-toothed rat and corroboree frog.’

Invasive Species Council Volunteer Coordinator Linda Groom said:

‘This win belongs to the people who refused to give up – the walkers, locals, scientists, Traditional Owners and everyday Australians who kept showing up when it would have been easier to walk away.

‘We were told for years this couldn’t be changed. Today proves that persistence matters – and that ordinary people can shift even the most entrenched political decisions.’

Magpies in Spring

By WIRES

If you live in Australia, chances are you’re familiar with magpie swooping. This is a defensive behaviour, carried out almost entirely by male magpies, as they protect their eggs and chicks during the breeding season.

In reality, swooping is uncommon. Fewer than 10% of breeding males will swoop people, yet the behaviour feels widespread. Swooping usually occurs between August and October and stops once chicks have left the nest.

If you do encounter a protective parent, here are some tips to stay safe:

  • 🐦 Avoid the area where magpies are swooping and consider placing a temporary sign to warn others.
  • 🐦 Wear a hat or carry an open umbrella for protection.
  • 🐦 Cyclists should dismount and walk through.
  • 🐦 Travel in groups, as magpies usually only target individuals.
  • 🐦 Stay calm around magpies in trees – walk, don’t run.
  • 🐦 Avoid making direct eye contact with the birds.

If you are swooped, keep moving. You’re still in the bird’s territory, so it will continue until you leave the area. Remember, this behaviour is temporary and will end once the young have fledged.

If you find an injured or orphaned native animal, call WIRES on 1300 094 737 or report a rescue via our website:  https://hubs.la/Q03GCZmZ0

Sydney Wildlife (Sydney Metropolitan Wildlife Services) Needs People for the Rescue Line

We are calling on you to help save the rescue line because the current lack of operators is seriously worrying. Look at these faces! They need you! 

Every week we have around 15 shifts either not filled or with just one operator and the busy season is around the corner. This situation impacts on the operators, MOPs, vets and the animals, because the phone line is constantly busy. Already the baby possum season is ramping up with calls for urgent assistance for these vulnerable little ones.

We have an amazing team, but they can’t answer every call in Spring and Summer if they work on their own.  Please jump in and join us – you would be welcomed with open arms!  We offer lots of training and support and you can work from the office in the Lane Cove National Park or on your home computer.

If you are not able to help do you know someone (a friend or family member perhaps) who might be interested?

Please send us a message and we will get in touch. Please send our wonderful office admin Carolyn an email at sysneywildliferesxueline@gmail.com

2025-26 Seal Reveal underway

Photo: Seals caught on camera at Barrenjoey Headland during the Great Seal Reveal 2025. Montage: DCCEEW

The 2025 Great Seal Reveal is underway with the first seal surveys of the season taking place at known seal breeding and haul out sites - where seals temporarily leave the water to rest or breed.

The NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW) is using the Seal Reveal, now in its second year, to better understand seal populations on the NSW coast.

Drone surveys and community sightings are used to track Australian (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) and New Zealand (Arctocephalus forsteri) fur seals.  Both Australian and New Zealand fur seals have been listed as vulnerable under the NSW Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016.

Survey sites
Scientific surveys to count seal numbers will take place at:
  • Martin Islet
  • Drum and Drumsticks
  • Brush Island
  • Steamers Head
  • Big Seal Rock
  • Cabbage Tree Island
  • Barrenjoey Headland
  • Barunguba (Montague) Island.
Seal Reveal data on seal numbers helps to inform critical marine conservation initiatives and enable better management of human–seal interactions.

Results from the population surveys will be released in early 2026.

Citizen science initiative: Haul-out, Call-out
The Haul-out, Call-out citizen science platform invites the community to support seal conservation efforts by reporting sightings along the NSW coastline.

Reports from the public help identify important haul-out sites so we can get a better understanding of seal behaviour and protect their preferred habitat.

The Great Seal Reveal is part of the Seabirds to Seascapes (S2S) program, a four-year initiative led by NSW DCCEEW and funded by the NSW Environmental Trust to protect, rehabilitate, and sustainably manage marine ecosystems in NSW.

NSW DCCEEW is a key partner in the delivery of the Marine Estate Management Strategy (MEMS), with the S2S program contributing to MEMS Initiative 5 to reduce threats to threatened and protected species.

Thomas Stephens Reserve, Church Point - boardwalk + seawall works commenced 

Council's Major Infrastructure Projects Team  has advised that as part of its Church Point Precinct Masterplan, it is building a new boardwalk in front of the Pasadena, a new jetty for ferry access, and upgrading the sandstone seawall.

''A temporary gangway will ensure the ferry service continues without disruption and access to The Waterfront Café & General Store, and Pasadena Sydney will remain open. The reserve will be closed while we undertake these important works.'' the CMIPT states

The improvements will be delivered in three carefully planned stages.

Stage 1 – Marine Works

  • Includes a new boardwalk outside the Pasadena Sydney and a new accessible gangway to the ferry pontoon.
  • Repairs and additions to the sandstone seawall along Thomas Stephens Reserve.
  • Thomas Stephens Reserve will be temporarily closed during these works.
  • Works to commence in September 2025 with the aim of being completed by Christmas.
  • A temporary alternate gangway to the ferry wharf will be installed ensuring access to the Ferry services at all times during the works.
  • Access to The Waterfront Cafe and General Store and Pasadena Sydney will be maintained throughout the works.

Stage 2 – Landscaping Works

  • Landscaping works will begin in early 2026 and will include permeable paving, tree retention, and improved public seating and bike facilities. Completing the landscaping will finalise the Masterplan.
  • Thomas Stephens Reserve will be temporarily closed during these works.

Stage 3 – McCarrs Creek Road Upgrade

  • Detailed design will be presented to the Local Transport Forum in September 2025 for consideration.
  • Construction will be staged and is expected to take place from early 2026.

Council's webpage states the first works will take place Monday - Friday between 7am and 5pm. We appreciate your patience as we deliver this important community upgrade.''

An overview of the council's plan and link to their project webpage is available in the September 2024 PON report; Church Point's Thomas Stephens Reserve Landscape works

622kg of Rubbish Collected from Local Beaches: Adopt your local beach program

Sadly, our beaches are not as pristine as we'd all like to think they are. 

Surfrider Foundation Northern Beaches' Adopt A beach ocean conservation program is highlighting that we need to clean up our act.

Surfrider Foundation Northern Beaches' states:
''The collective action by our amazing local community at their monthly beach clean events across 9 beach locations is assisting Surfrider Foundation NB in the compilation of quantitative data on the volume, type and often source of the marine pollution occurring at each location.

In just 6 sessions, clear indicators are already forming on the waste items and areas to target with dedicated litter prevention strategies.

Plastic pollution is an every body problem and the solution to fixing it lies within every one of us.
Together we can choose to refuse this fate on our Northern beaches and turn the tide on pollution. 
A cleaner coast together !''

Join us - 1st Sunday of the month, Adopt your local for a power beach clean or donate to help support our program here. https://www.surfrider.org.au/donate/

Event locations 
  • Avalon – Des Creagh Reserve (North Avalon Beach Lookout)
  • North Narrabeen – Corner Ocean St & Malcolm St (grass reserve next to North Narrabeen SLSC)
  • Collaroy– 1058 Pittwater Rd (beachfront next to The Beach Club Collaroy)
  • Dee Why Beach –  Corner Howard Ave & The Strand (beachfront grass reserve, opposite Blu Restaurant)
  • Curl Curl – Beachfront at North Curl Curl Surf Club. Shuttle bus also available from Harbord Diggers to transport participants to/from North Curl Curl beach. 
  • Freshwater Beach – Moore Rd Beach Reserve (opposite Pilu Restaurant)
  • Manly Beach – 11 South Steyne (grass reserve opposite Manly Grill)
  • Manly Cove – Beach at West Esplanade (opposite Fratelli Fresh)
  • Little Manly– 55 Stuart St Little Manly (Beachfront Grass Reserve)
… and more to follow!

Surfrider Foundation Northern Beaches

This Tick Season: Freeze it - don't squeeze it

Notice of 1080 Poison Baiting

The NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) will be conducting a baiting program using manufactured baits, fresh baits and Canid Pest Ejectors (CPE’s/ejectors) containing 1080 poison (sodium fluoroacetate) for the control of foxes. The program is continuous and ongoing for the protection of threatened species.

This notification is for the period 1 August 2025 to 31 January 2026 at the following locations:

  • Garigal National Park
  • Lane Cove National Park (baits only, no ejectors are used in Lane Cove National Park)
  • Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park
  • Sydney Harbour National Park – North Head (including the Quarantine Station), Dobroyd Head, Chowder Head & Bradleys Head managed by the NPWS
  • The North Head Sanctuary managed by the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust
  • The Australian Institute of Police Management, North Head

DO NOT TOUCH BAITS OR EJECTORS

All baiting locations will be identifiable by signs.

Please be reminded that domestic pets are not permitted on NPWS Estate. Pets and working dogs may be affected (1080 is lethal to cats and dogs). Pets and working dogs must be restrained or muzzled in the vicinity and must not enter the baiting location. Penalties apply for non-compliance.

In the event of accidental poisoning seek immediate veterinary assistance.

For further information please call the local NPWS office on:

NPWS Sydney North (Middle Head) Area office: 9960 6266

NPWS Sydney North (Forestville) Area office: 9451 3479

NPWS North West Sydney (Lane Cove NP) Area office: 8448 0400

NPWS after-hours Duty officer service: 1300 056 294

Sydney Harbour Federation Trust: 8969 2128

Weed of the Week: Mother of Millions - please get it out of your garden

  

Mother of Millions (Bryophyllum daigremontianumPhoto by John Hosking.

Solar for apartment residents: Funding

Owners corporations can apply now for funding to install shared solar systems on your apartment building. The grants will cover 50% of the cost, which will add value to homes and help residents save on their electricity bills.

You can apply for the Solar for apartment residents grant to fund 50% of the cost of a shared solar photovoltaic (PV) system on eligible apartment buildings and other multi-unit dwellings in NSW. This will help residents, including renters, to reduce their energy bills and greenhouse gas emissions.

Less than 2% of apartment buildings in NSW currently have solar systems installed. As energy costs climb and the number of people living in apartments continue to increase, innovative solutions are needed to allow apartment owners and renters to benefit from solar energy.

A total of $25 million in grant funding is available, with up to $150,000 per project.

Financial support for this grant is from the Australian Government and the NSW Government.

Applications are open now and will close 5 pm 1 December 2025 or earlier if the funds are fully allocated.

Find out more and apply now at: www.energy.nsw.gov.au/households/rebates-grants-and-schemes/solar-apartment-residents 

Volunteers for Barrenjoey Lighthouse Tours needed

Details:

Johnson Brothers Mitre 10 Recycling Batteries: at Mona Vale + Avalon Beach

Over 18,600 tonnes of batteries are discarded to landfill in Australia each year, even though 95% of a battery can be recycled!

That’s why we are rolling out battery recycling units across our stores! Our battery recycling units accept household, button cell, laptop, and power tool batteries as well as mobile phones! 

How To Dispose Of Your Batteries Safely: 

  1. Collect Your Used Batteries: Gather all used batteries from your home. Our battery recycling units accept batteries from a wide range of products such as household, button cell, laptop, and power tool batteries.
  2. Tape Your Terminals: Tape the terminals of used batteries with clear sticky tape.
  3. Drop Them Off: Come and visit your nearest participating store to recycle your batteries for free (at Johnson Brothers Mitre 10 Mona Vale and Avalon Beach).
  4. Feel Good About Your Impact: By recycling your batteries, you're helping support a healthier planet by keeping hazardous material out of landfills and conserving resources.

Environmental Benefits

  • Reduces hazardous waste in landfill
  • Conserves natural resources by promoting the use of recycled materials
  • Keep toxic materials out of waterways 

Reporting Dogs Offleash - Dog Attacks to Council

If the attack happened outside local council hours, you may call your local police station. Police officers are also authorised officers under the Companion Animals Act 1998. Authorised officers have a wide range of powers to deal with owners of attacking dogs, including seizing dogs that have attacked.

You can report dog attacks, along with dogs offleash where they should not be, to the NBC anonymously and via your own name, to get a response, at: https://help.northernbeaches.nsw.gov.au/s/submit-request?topic=Pets_Animals

If the matter is urgent or dangerous call Council on 1300 434 434 (24 hours a day, 7 days a week).

If you find injured wildlife please contact:
  • Sydney Wildlife Rescue (24/7): 9413 4300 
  • WIRES: 1300 094 737

Plastic Bread Ties For Wheelchairs

The Berry Collective at 1691 Pittwater Rd, Mona Vale collects them for Oz Bread Tags for Wheelchairs, who recycle the plastic.

Berry Collective is the practice on the left side of the road as you head north, a few blocks before Mona Vale shops . They have parking. Enter the foyer and there's a small bin on a table where you drop your bread ties - very easy.

A full list of Aussie bread tags for wheelchairs is available at: HERE 


Stay Safe From Mosquitoes 

NSW Health is reminding people to protect themselves from mosquitoes when they are out and about.

NSW Health states Mosquitoes in NSW can carry viruses such as Japanese encephalitis (JE), Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE), Kunjin, Ross River and Barmah Forest. The viruses may cause serious diseases with symptoms ranging from tiredness, rash, headache and sore and swollen joints to rare but severe symptoms of seizures and loss of consciousness.

A free vaccine to protect against JE infection is available to those at highest risk in NSW and people can check their eligibility at NSW Health.

People are encouraged to take actions to prevent mosquito bites and reduce the risk of acquiring a mosquito-borne virus by:
  • Applying repellent to exposed skin. Use repellents that contain DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus. Check the label for reapplication times.
  • Re-applying repellent regularly, particularly after swimming. Be sure to apply sunscreen first and then apply repellent.
  • Wearing light, loose-fitting long-sleeve shirts, long pants and covered footwear and socks.
  • Avoiding going outdoors during peak mosquito times, especially at dawn and dusk.
  • Using insecticide sprays, vapour dispensing units and mosquito coils to repel mosquitoes (mosquito coils should only be used outdoors in well-ventilated areas)
  • Covering windows and doors with insect screens and checking there are no gaps.
  • Removing items that may collect water such as old tyres and empty pots from around your home to reduce the places where mosquitoes can breed.
  • Using repellents that are safe for children. Most skin repellents are safe for use on children aged three months and older. Always check the label for instructions. Protecting infants aged less than three months by using an infant carrier draped with mosquito netting, secured along the edges.
  • While camping, use a tent that has fly screens to prevent mosquitoes entering or sleep under a mosquito net.
Remember, Spray Up – Cover Up – Screen Up to protect from mosquito bite. For more information go to NSW Health.

Mountain Bike Incidents On Public Land: Survey

This survey aims to document mountain bike related incidents on public land, available at: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/K88PSNP

Sent in by Pittwater resident Academic for future report- study. 

Report fox sightings

Fox sightings, signs of fox activity, den locations and attacks on native or domestic animals can be reported into FoxScan. FoxScan is a free resource for residents, community groups, local Councils, and other land managers to record and report fox sightings and control activities. 

Our Council's Invasive species Team receives an alert when an entry is made into FoxScan.  The information in FoxScan will assist with planning fox control activities and to notify the community when and where foxes are active.



marine wildlife rescue group on the Central Coast

A new wildlife group was launched on the Central Coast on Saturday, December 10, 2022.

Marine Wildlife Rescue Central Coast (MWRCC) had its official launch at The Entrance Boat Shed at 10am.

The group comprises current and former members of ASTR, ORRCA, Sea Shepherd, Greenpeace, WIRES and Wildlife ARC, as well as vets, academics, and people from all walks of life.

Well known marine wildlife advocate and activist Cathy Gilmore is spearheading the organisation.

“We believe that it is time the Central Coast looked after its own marine wildlife, and not be under the control or directed by groups that aren’t based locally,” Gilmore said.

“We have the local knowledge and are set up to respond and help injured animals more quickly.

“This also means that donations and money fundraised will go directly into helping our local marine creatures, and not get tied up elsewhere in the state.”

The organisation plans to have rehabilitation facilities and rescue kits placed in strategic locations around the region.

MWRCC will also be in touch with Indigenous groups to learn the traditional importance of the local marine environment and its inhabitants.

“We want to work with these groups and share knowledge between us,” Gilmore said.

“This is an opportunity to help save and protect our local marine wildlife, so if you have passion and commitment, then you are more than welcome to join us.”

Marine Wildlife Rescue Central Coast has a Facebook page where you may contact members. Visit: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100076317431064


Watch out - shorebirds about

Pittwater is home to many resident and annually visiting birds. If you watch your step you won't harm any beach-nesting and estuary-nesting birds have started setting up home on our shores.

Did you know that Careel Bay and other spots throughout our area are part of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership (EAAFP)?

This flyway, and all of the stopping points along its way, are vital to ensure the survival of these Spring and Summer visitors. This is where they rest and feed on their journeys.  For example, did you know that the bar-tailed godwit flies for 239 hours for 8,108 miles from Alaska to Australia?

Not only that, Shorebirds such as endangered oystercatchers and little terns lay their eggs in shallow scraped-out nests in the sand, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) Threatened Species officer Ms Katherine Howard has said.
Even our regular residents such as seagulls are currently nesting to bear young.

What can you do to help them?
Known nest sites may be indicated by fencing or signs. The whole community can help protect shorebirds by keeping out of nesting areas marked by signs or fences and only taking your dog to designated dog offleash area. 

Just remember WE are visitors to these areas. These birds LIVE there. This is their home.

Four simple steps to help keep beach-nesting birds safe:
1. Look out for bird nesting signs or fenced-off nesting areas on the beach, stay well clear of these areas and give the parent birds plenty of space.
2. Walk your dogs in designated dog-friendly areas only and always keep them on a leash over summer.
3. Stay out of nesting areas and follow all local rules.
4. Chicks are mobile and don't necessarily stay within fenced nesting areas. When you're near a nesting area, stick to the wet sand to avoid accidentally stepping on a chick.


Possums In Your Roof?: do the right thing

Possums in your roof? Please do the right thing 
On the weekend, one of our volunteers noticed a driver pull up, get out of their vehicle, open the boot, remove a trap and attempt to dump a possum on a bush track. Fortunately, our member intervened and saved the beautiful female brushtail and the baby in her pouch from certain death. 

It is illegal to relocate a trapped possum more than 150 metres from the point of capture and substantial penalties apply.  Urbanised possums are highly territorial and do not fare well in unfamiliar bushland. In fact, they may starve to death or be taken by predators.

While Sydney Wildlife Rescue does not provide a service to remove possums from your roof, we do offer this advice:

✅ Call us on (02) 9413 4300 and we will refer you to a reliable and trusted licenced contractor in the Sydney metropolitan area. For a small fee they will remove the possum, seal the entry to your roof and provide a suitable home for the possum - a box for a brushtail or drey for a ringtail.
✅ Do-it-yourself by following this advice from the Department of Planning and Environment: 

❌ Do not under any circumstances relocate a possum more than 150 metres from the capture site.
Thank you for caring and doing the right thing.



Sydney Wildlife photos

Aviaries + Possum Release Sites Needed

Pittwater Online News has interviewed Lynette Millett OAM (WIRES Northern Beaches Branch) needs more bird cages of all sizes for keeping the current huge amount of baby wildlife in care safe or 'homed' while they are healed/allowed to grow bigger to the point where they may be released back into their own home. 

If you have an aviary or large bird cage you are getting rid of or don't need anymore, please email via the link provided above. There is also a pressing need for release sites for brushtail possums - a species that is very territorial and where release into a site already lived in by one possum can result in serious problems and injury. 

If you have a decent backyard and can help out, Lyn and husband Dave can supply you with a simple drey for a nest and food for their first weeks of adjustment.

Bushcare in Pittwater: where + when

For further information or to confirm the meeting details for below groups, please contact Council's Bushcare Officer on 9970 1367 or visit Council's bushcare webpage to find out how you can get involved.

BUSHCARE SCHEDULES 
Where we work                      Which day                              What time 

Avalon     
Angophora Reserve             3rd Sunday                         8:30 - 11:30am 
Avalon Dunes                        1st Sunday                         8:30 - 11:30am 
Avalon Golf Course              2nd Wednesday                 3 - 5:30pm 
Careel Creek                         4th Saturday                      8:30 - 11:30am 
Toongari Reserve                 3rd Saturday                      9 - 12noon (8 - 11am in summer) 
Bangalley Headland            2nd Sunday                         9 to 12noon 
Catalpa Reserve              4th Sunday of the month        8.30 – 11.30
Palmgrove Park              1st Saturday of the month        9.00 – 12 

Bayview     
Winnererremy Bay                 4th Sunday                        9 to 12noon 

Bilgola     
North Bilgola Beach              3rd Monday                        9 - 12noon 
Algona Reserve                     1st Saturday                       9 - 12noon 
Plateau Park                          1st Friday                            8:30 - 11:30am 

Church Point     
Browns Bay Reserve             1st Tuesday                        9 - 12noon 
McCarrs Creek Reserve       Contact Bushcare Officer     To be confirmed 

Clareville     
Old Wharf Reserve                 3rd Saturday                      8 - 11am 

Elanora     
Kundibah Reserve                   4th Sunday                       8:30 - 11:30am 

Mona Vale     
Mona Vale Beach Basin          1st Saturday                    8 - 11am 
Mona Vale Dunes                     2nd Saturday +3rd Thursday     8:30 - 11:30am 

Newport     
Bungan Beach                          4th Sunday                      9 - 12noon 
Crescent Reserve                    3rd Sunday                      9 - 12noon 
North Newport Beach              4th Saturday                    8:30 - 11:30am 
Porter Reserve                          2nd Saturday                  8 - 11am 

North Narrabeen     
Irrawong Reserve                     2nd Saturday                   2 - 5pm 

Palm Beach     
North Palm Beach Dunes      3rd Saturday                    9 - 12noon 

Scotland Island     
Catherine Park                          2nd Sunday                     10 - 12:30pm 
Elizabeth Park                           1st Saturday                      9 - 12noon 
Pathilda Reserve                      3rd Saturday                      9 - 12noon 

Warriewood     
Warriewood Wetlands             1st Sunday                         8:30 - 11:30am 

Whale Beach     
Norma Park                               1st Friday                            9 - 12noon 

Western Foreshores     
Coopers Point, Elvina Bay      2nd Sunday                        10 - 1pm 
Rocky Point, Elvina Bay           1st Monday                          9 - 12noon

Friends Of Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment Activities

Bush Regeneration - Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment  
This is a wonderful way to become connected to nature and contribute to the health of the environment.  Over the weeks and months you can see positive changes as you give native species a better chance to thrive.  Wildlife appreciate the improvement in their habitat.

Belrose area - Thursday mornings 
Belrose area - Weekend mornings by arrangement
Contact: Phone or text Conny Harris on 0432 643 295

Wheeler Creek - Wednesday mornings 9-11am
Contact: Phone or text Judith Bennett on 0402 974 105
Or email: Friends of Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment : email@narrabeenlagoon.org.au

Gardens and Environment Groups and Organisations in Pittwater


Ringtail Posses 2023

New data reveals how Australia’s threatened reptiles and frogs are disappearing – and what we have to do

Nicolas Rakotopare, CC BY-ND
Geoffrey Heard, The University of Queensland; Australian National University; Sarah McGrath, The University of Queensland, and Tayla Lawrie, The University of Queensland

Australia is home to extraordinary reptiles and frogs, from giant lace monitors to tiny alpine froglets. Over 1,100 reptiles and 250 frog species are found across the Australian continent and islands. But we are losing them.

So far, one of Australia’s reptiles has become extinct, the delicate Christmas Island forest skink. And seven frogs are thought to be lost forever, including the only two species of gastric brooding frog – famous for their ability to brood their young in the female’s stomach.

We wanted to know how are other frogs and reptiles were faring. So, for the first time, we asked frog and reptile experts to contribute to the Threatened Species Index (TSX). This index uses robust and reliable data to measure changes in the relative abundance of Australia’s threatened and near-threatened species.

In all, we compiled data for 28 species of frogs and 24 species of reptiles. Unfortunately, the results were sobering. The first national monitoring dataset reveals their numbers have declined by 96% on average since 1985.

A mottled brown and yellow frog sits on leaf litter.
The endangered Fleay’s barred frog. Geoff Heard, CC BY-ND

Steep declines

First, we urge caution with these findings because key datasets are yet to be included. But the trends are concerning.

Among the species and populations we gathered data for, declines among reptiles and frogs are steep: 94% on average for reptiles and 97% for frogs since 1985.

These substantial declines were evident even when using more recent reference years. For example, with a reference year of 2000, the average decline remains 88% for reptiles and 62% for frogs. Declines since 1985 have been far greater for reptiles and frogs than for the birds, mammals and plants included in the index to date.

Why is this happening?

For threatened reptiles, the drop in numbers has many causes. Disease-causing pathogens are responsible for some, such as Bellinger River saw-shelled turtles, which have declined due to a novel virus.

Others, including Merten’s water monitors and Mitchell’s water monitor in northern Australia, are being affected by invasive species, such as toxic cane toads. Grassland reptiles continue to lose habitat to clearing.

For frogs, the severe declines started when the invasive “chytrid fungus” spread across Australia in the 1980s. This fungus, which has decimated frog populations globally, caused the seven frog extinctions in Australia.

For the first time, we gathered national data on the numbers of reptile and frog species. The findings were worrying.

However, while several species hit hard by chytrid have recovered, other species have continued to decline. For example, data collated so far suggests declines in frog species not affected by chytrid fungus are steeper in recent years than for species affected by the fungus.

This likely reflects a weakening of disease impacts for some species. And other threats – such as bushfires, droughts and invasive species – having intensified for several frog species left largely untouched by chytrid fungus.

First national snapshot

In order to protect endangered species, we need to know the extent of the problem. The Threatened Species Index is the only national tool that aggregates data on the abundance of imperilled animals and plants.

Last year, we set out to broaden the index by including data on frogs and reptiles for the first time. We contacted scientists who study amphibians and reptiles across the country, many who have toiled for years collecting data on threatened species in remote locations. We also trawled the published and unpublished literature and scraped monitoring data from graphs and tables.

In all, we compiled data for 28 species of frogs and 24 species of reptiles, for a total of 894 monitoring time-series (“time-series” are repeated counts of a species at a particular location through time). While this number pales when compared to the number of time-series available for other groups (for example, more than 20,000 for birds), it’s a solid start.

A striped legless lizard, a threatened reptile species. Geoff Heard, CC BY-ND

Working for recovery

Helping threatened species to thrive again is possible. For example, mammals we track in the index benefited from active conservation. Measures like controlling feral foxes or restoring habitat led to relatively stable mammal populations overall, declining by only 18% on average since 1990. But populations of mammals without direct conservation support have declined by 45% on average since 1990.

The pattern for plants is even more stark: threatened plant populations that are actively being conserved have increased by 2% on average since 1990, while those receiving no known intervention have declined by 81% on average.

These statistics show that with good management, turning around frog and reptile declines is possible. We have direct evidence of this too, such as the recovery of the Great Desert skink in central Australia that has benefited from fire management by Indigenous ranger groups.

In coming years, we will gather more data to provide a clearer picture of which animals and plants are recovering and which continue to decline. Collaboration between scientists, land managers and citizen scientists is vital to filling data gaps.

When Australians share observations through citizen science programs such as FrogID and iNaturalist, and support long-term monitoring, they can play a direct and meaningful role in safeguarding the future of our biodiversity.The Conversation

Geoffrey Heard, Science Advisor, TSX, The University of Queensland; Australian National University; Sarah McGrath, Senior Project Officer, Threatened Species Index, The University of Queensland, and Tayla Lawrie, Project Manager, Threatened Species Index, The University of Queensland

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

‘Forever chemicals’ contaminate more dolphins and whales than we thought – new research

Getty Images
Karen A Stockin, Te Kunenga ki Pūrehuroa – Massey University; Emma Betty, Te Kunenga ki Pūrehuroa – Massey University; Frédérik Saltré, University of Technology Sydney; Australian Museum, and Katharina J. Peters, University of Wollongong

Nowhere in the ocean is now left untouched by a type of “forever chemicals” called “per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances”, known simply as PFAS.

Our new research shows PFAS contaminate a far wider range of whales and dolphins than previously thought, including deep-diving species that live well beyond areas of human activity.

But most surprising of all, where an animal lives does not predict its exposure. Instead, sex and age are stronger predictors of how much of these pollutants a whale or dolphin accumulates in its body.

This means chemical pollution is more persistent and entrenched in ocean food webs than we realised, affecting everything from endangered coastal Māui dolphins to deep-diving beaked and sperm whales.

A graphic showing the various species of dolphin and whale, and describing that older animals carry higher contamination loads.
This graphic shows that PFAS contamination affects a range of marine mammals, from nearshore dolphins to deep-diving predators. Science of the Total Environment, CC BY-ND

PFAS were originally designed to make everyday products more convenient, but they have ultimately become a widespread environmental and public health concern.

Our work provides stark evidence that no part of the ocean is now beyond the reach of human pollution.

What are PFAS, and why are they a problem?

PFAS are a group of more than 14,000 synthetic chemicals that have been used since the 1950s in a wide range of everyday products. This includes non-stick cookware, food packaging, cleaning products, waterproof clothing, firefighting foams and even cosmetics.

A graphic showing symbols of the products that contain PFAS.
Many everyday products contain PFAS. Author provided, CC BY-SA

They’re known as forever chemicals because they don’t break down naturally.

Instead, they travel through air and water, eventually reaching their final destination: the ocean. There, PFAS percolate through seawater and sediments and enter the food web, taken up by animals through their diet.

Once inside an animal, PFAS can attach to proteins and accumulate in the blood and organs such as the liver, where they can disrupt hormones, immune function and reproduction.

Like humans, whales and dolphins sit high in the food web, which makes them especially vulnerable to building up these pollutants over their lifetime.

Whales and dolphins are the ocean’s canaries

Marine mammals are an early warning system of the ocean. Because they are large predators with long lifespans, their health reflects what’s happening in the wider ecosystem, including risks that can affect people, too.

This idea is at the heart of the OneHealth concept, which links environmental, animal and human health.

New Zealand is one of the best places in the world to study human impacts in a OneHealth framework. More than half of the world’s toothed whales and dolphins (odontocetes) occur here, making Aotearoa a rare hotspot for marine mammals and an ideal place to assess how deeply PFAS have entered ocean food webs.

We analysed liver samples from 127 stranded whales and dolphins, covering 16 species across four families, from coastal bottlenose dolphins to deep-diving beaked whales.

For eight of these species, including Hector’s dolphins and three beaked whale species, this was the first time PFAS had ever been measured globally.

Two Hector's dolphins
PFAS contamination is an additional stress factor for Hector’s dolphins, which are endemic to New Zealand and already threatened. Getty Images

We expected coastal species living closer to pollution sources to show the highest contamination, with deep-ocean species being much less exposed.

However, our results told a different story. Habitat played only a minor role in predicting PFAS levels. Some deep-diving species had PFAS concentrations comparable to (or even higher than) coastal animals.

It turns out biology matters more than habitat. Older, larger animals had higher PFAS levels, indicating they accumulate these chemicals over time.

Males also tended to have higher burdens than females, consistent with mothers transferring PFAS to their calves during pregnancy and lactation. These patterns were consistent across all major types of PFAS chemicals.

Why this matters

Our findings show PFAS contamination has now entered every layer of the marine food web, affecting everything from nearshore dolphins to deep-diving predators.

While diet is a major exposure pathway, animals could also be absorbing PFAS through other mechanisms, including potentially their skin. PFAS may further interact with other stressors, including climate change, shifting prey availability and disease, adding further pressure to species already under threat.

Knowing that PFAS are present across different habitats and species raises urgent questions about their health impacts. Are these chemicals already affecting populations? Could PFAS contamination weaken immunity and increase disease risk in vulnerable species, such as Māui dolphins?

Understanding how PFAS exposure affects reproduction, immunity and resilience to environmental pressures is now central to predicting whether species already under threat can withstand accelerating environmental change.

Even the most remote whales carry high PFAS loads and we know humans are not isolated from these contaminations either. Answering these questions is not optional but essential if we want to protect both marine wildlife and the oceans we all depend on.


The research was a trans-Tasman collaboration which also included Gabriel Machovsky at Massey University, Louis Tremblay at the Bioeconomy Science Institute and Shan Yi at the University of Auckland.The Conversation


Karen A Stockin, Professor of Marine Ecology, Te Kunenga ki Pūrehuroa – Massey University; Emma Betty, Research Officer in Cetacean Ecology, Te Kunenga ki Pūrehuroa – Massey University; Frédérik Saltré, Senior lecturer in Ecology and Biogeography, University of Technology Sydney; Australian Museum, and Katharina J. Peters, Lecturer in Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

New transmission towers are crucial for renewables – but contentious. Here’s where they should go

Cheng Cheng, Australian National University

Solar and wind now provide 99% of new generating capacity in Australia. Renewables supply more than 40% of power to the main grid.

Australia will need six times as much solar and wind to reach net zero through the electrification of everything.

This means building new transmission corridors, as existing lines were built to connect cities with coal power stations. But the best solar and wind resources lie in different places.

Many new solar and wind projects are already struggling to secure access to the grid. Australia’s grid operator has laid out a plan to build 10,000 kilometres of new transmission lines. But these new projects are proving difficult to build amid cost blowouts and protests. Some communities are pushing back against new powerlines, despite landowner compensation of up to A$200,000 per km.

If new transmission lines are needed and building them is hard, it makes sense to prioritise. In our recent research, we answer two important questions: which new corridors unlock the most new wind and solar? And could high-voltage direct current lines bring far-flung northern renewable resources to southern population centres?

Optimising new transmission corridors?

Most of Australia’s transmission lines are high-voltage alternating current (HVAC). These work well to move power across distances of less than 1,000km, but lose too much power over longer distances (around 7% per 1,000km).

Then there’s high-voltage direct current (HVDC), which moves large amounts of power with much lower losses over distances up to 3,000km or underwater. It’s less common in Australia. The main existing HVDC line is Basslink, an undersea cable between Victoria and Tasmania.

Both types of transmission could have a role in Australia’s future grid.

High-voltage alternating current

To compare hundreds of possible new HVAC lines, we used three metrics:

  1. New solar and wind potential unlocked per dollar of new transmission cost
  2. Newly unlocked solar and wind complement each other to reduce the need for energy storage
  3. Avoiding towns, cities, native forests and national parks.

High-voltage direct current

To assess direct current, we modelled which corridors would unlock most resources at least cost and supply power when most needed for both Australia’s main grid, the National Electricity Market, and Western Australia’s largest grid, the South-West Interconnected System.

Our model took solar, wind, storage and interconnector capacities into account with a goal of reducing the average cost of electricity across the system, while including distance-related costs and losses for each possible corridor.

HVAC corridors: cutting costs, not forests

We found 147 possible high-scoring HVAC corridors connecting to major cities or existing interconnectors and tapping areas with good renewable potential.

map of australia showing possible transmission lines.
A map of the best new options for HVAC transmission lines in Australia. Line colour shows how much new solar and wind each corridor unlocks per dollar, where red is best). Thicker lines means renewable resources line up better with times of peak electricity demand. Cheng Cheng/Australian National University, CC BY-NC-ND

Where are the best options? As our interactive map shows, South Australia and Western Australia have standout options to link great renewable resources across cleared land to cities. New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland also have good options.

In Queensland, plans to build windfarms on wooded ridges north of Brisbane have run into controversy. The best transmission line options avoid this issue by running west into inland Queensland.

HVDC: northern solar and wind – delivered in winter?

To date, no long-distance (longer than 800km) high-voltage direct current lines have been built in Australia. Overseas, they are proving transformative. China’s extremely rapid shift to electrification relies on thousands of kilometres of these lines.

Every winter, wind speeds tend to drop in Australia’s population centres in the southeast while solar output is low. But inland northern regions are usually sunny and windy at this time. A long-distance HVDC line could unlock these resources by connecting renewables near Perth or Darwin to Melbourne or Sydney.

After modelling 98 routes, we shortlisted 20 possibilities. Each of these would have a significant effect on power prices, reducing wholesale electricity costs between 8% and 18%.

The strongest performers would connect renewable resources around Mount Isa in Queensland or the Northern Territory’s Alice Springs or Victoria Daly regions to the main grid at Brisbane or the key Melbourne-Sydney interconnector near Wagga Wagga. By contrast, WA would see little benefit from high-voltage lines at today’s demand levels.

map of potential new long distance transmission lines.
Our modelling found 20 potential HVDC corridors linking top solar and wind farm locations (numbered circles) to the southeast. Background colours show the quality of winter renewable resources (redder is better). Cheng Cheng/Australian National University, CC BY-NC-ND

Very large energy storage schemes built close enough to cities such as Snowy 2.0 could partly replace the need for long distance HVDC lines by covering seasonal gaps locally.

Our modelling poses questions for efforts to transmit power from solar farms near Tennant Creek to Singapore through a 4,600km undersea cable. Would it be better to transmit the power 2,000km southeast instead?

What does this mean for communities?

Community buy-in is essential for big projects. Locals need to see direct benefits.

To quantify these benefits, we modelled which tangible outcomes would come from newly unlocked renewables across every local government area. These include expected annual power generation, associated investment and jobs, and income from leasing land.

These benefits can be compared on our interactive maps – one focused on high solar and another with wind dominating.

For instance, a potential HVDC line west of Brisbane line would shift opportunity inland, bringing large gains to towns such as Blackall, Tambo, Barcaldine, Murweh and Maranoa.

Which way forward?

When transmission projects bog down, so does the push to get to net zero. As state and federal governments struggle to build the new transmission lines needed to unlock more renewables, our research may be useful as a complement to the grid operator’s big-picture plan. Focusing on building priority corridors will help meet new demand.

Policymakers may also look to pair new transmission with potential pumped-hydro schemes close by, as these stores of energy help balance variable renewable generation and maximise the use of transmission lines.The Conversation

Cheng Cheng, Senior Research Officer, School of Engineering, Australian National University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Long-awaited environment laws might get Australia sued. Here’s why

Jacqueline Peel, The University of Melbourne; Julia Dehm, La Trobe University, and Nicole Rogers, Bond University

Australia is rewriting its national environment laws, and Environment Minister Murray Watt has vowed the legislation will pass the parliament this week, despite not yet reaching agreement with either the Coalition or the Greens. But the current draft bill leaves the country exposed to significant legal, environmental and political risk.

This is because the proposed changes to Australia’s environment legislation, the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act, do not require the government to assess the climate impacts of new fossil-fuel projects. Minister Watt has already ruled out changing this.

Yet international and domestic courts are increasingly clear: governments have a legal duty to consider the greenhouse gas emissions released by the projects they approve. Will the federal government create new laws that expose it to more domestic and international court action?

Landmark legal advice

In July 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the world’s highest court, delivered a landmark legal opinion. It found countries must act with “due diligence” to prevent significant harm to the climate system. This includes considering the climate harm caused by fossil-fuel production. They must also consider emissions released when fossil fuels are exported and combusted (known as downstream or Scope 3 emissions).

While advisory opinions are not binding judgements, they clarify what obligations countries have under international law. For Australia, this means climate impacts are no longer optional considerations as a matter of international law. They are legally relevant factors that must be assessed before approving high-emitting projects.

If Australia ignores its obligations, other nations may sue it in courts like the ICJ. The international law ruling may also be referenced by litigants in domestic disputes.

The government’s law reform package is a set of seven bills totalling nearly 600 pages. Yet it contains no means of ensuring climate impacts are part of decision-making.

The reforms require partial disclosure of emissions, but this information plays no role in approval decisions. And considering downstream emissions is not required at all, despite representing the majority of pollution from coal and gas projects.

Domestic courts recognise climate link

Australia’s own courts have already begun applying far stricter scrutiny to project approvals. In a court ruling in August, referred to as the Denman decision, the New South Wales Court of Appeal quashed a coal-mine expansion approval. A community environment group successfully argued the planning commission failed to consider the impact of all of the mine’s greenhouse gas emissions.

This decision set a legal precedent. Next, mining giant Glencore’s application to extend its Ulan Coal Mine near Mudgee was declared invalid in mid November. A local environment group successfully argued the mine’s climate impacts had been insufficiently considered during assessment.

The implications of these two decisions go far beyond New South Wales. The reasoning applies to how all Australian states and territories assess major fossil fuel projects. And they inform the federal govenrment’s legal obligations under Australia’s environment laws. Yet despite this, Minister Watt’s draft reforms do not clarify how climate impacts should be addressed under federal law.

Safeguard mechanism won’t fill the gap

Government ministers have argued climate impacts are better addressed under the so-called “safeguard mechanism”. This is a policy that requires large industrial polluters to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions each year.

However, this is not an assessment or approval system. It applies only after a project begins operating and relies heavily on offsets of variable quality. It does not consider downstream emissions.

Most importantly, it does not answer the core environmental law question. Namely, is this project compatible with Australia’s climate goals and international obligations?

Australia out of step

There is an emerging global legal consensus that climate impacts must be assessed as part of project-level approvals.

Three decisions last year point to the change. The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea ruled assessments of new projects must evaluate emissions affecting the marine environment. The European Court of Human Rights ruled assessments of new petroleum projects must quantify downstream emissions. And the UK Supreme Court held that downstream emissions must be included in environmental impact assessments.

These decisions reinforce the principle that states must assess the full climate impact of projects before approving them – a point also reiterated by the ICJ. Failing to include these requirements in reformed environment laws could leave Australia exposed to domestic judicial review, High Court challenges and international claims relating to climate harm.

Political contradictions

Media reports indicate the Albanese government may negotiate with the Coalition to secure passage of environment law reforms. This comes as the Coalition has removed its commitment to net zero, while saying it would conditionally support new environment laws.

This raises a contradiction. Policymakers and industry groups increasingly endorse “science-based” emissions targets while simultaneously supporting law reforms which would allow high-emitting projects to be approved without assessing their climate harm.

This inconsistency boosts the risk of lawsuits and undermines international credibility, especially as Australia takes on the role of “President of the Negotiations” at next year’s COP31 summit. It also leaves key decisions to ministerial discretion. This means they are vulnerable to political, economic and lobbying pressures.

A better path

Reforming Australia’s environmental laws offers a rare chance to reflect scientific evidence and legal obligations. The law should be written to prevent harm, not to enable it.The Conversation

Jacqueline Peel, Professor of Law, The University of Melbourne; Julia Dehm, Senior Lecturer, La Trobe University, and Nicole Rogers, Professor of climate law, Bond University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Politics with Michelle Grattan: Murray Watt on the compromises to pass new environmental laws before Christmas

Michelle Grattan, University of Canberra

Finding the best balance between the environment and development is vital but often contested. Renewable energy projects, housing and mining approvals are all important, while Australia’s unique natural environment also requires defence.

The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act is crucial on all those fronts – but it’s long been seen as not properly serving either the environment or business.

The Albanese government tried to make changes last term with Tanya Plibersek as environment minister, but the effort failed. This term, new Environment Minister Murray Watt has made a fresh push to pass the reforms. He’s hoping to push legislation through by Christmas – even though there’s just one sitting week of Parliament left, at the end of this month.

Watt has to make a Senate deal with either the Greens or the Coalition and both want substantial amendments to different parts of the legislation. To discuss the likelihood of striking that deal, the Coalition’s shifting position on net zero emissions and actually achieving Australia’s climate targets, Watt joined the podcast.

He argues the proposed environmental law reforms:

are a balanced package that’s designed to deliver wins for both the environment and for business, not one or the other.

[…] From an environmental perspective, what the laws do for the first time is provide a clear definition of what would be considered to be an unacceptable impact on the environment, meaning that a project just would not get approved. It couldn’t be offset. It couldn’t be altered. It just would not get approved.

[…] From a business perspective, the problem we’re trying to solve is the incredible delays and duplication of processes that currently happens in the system where we need projects to be usually assessed by a state government and approved by a state government, only then to be assessed by, and approved by or rejected by, a federal government.

On the progress of his discussions with Greens and the Liberals, Watt says both still remain open to negotiation and that everyone will need to compromise:

My view is that both of those pathways very much remain open to us. You will have heard the Coalition say that they think this legislation is too pro-environment. The Greens are saying that it’s too pro-business. You might take from that that we’ve probably got the balance right.

[…] I’ve said all along that no one is going to get everything they want in this legislation, there’s got to be some compromise from everyone involved, and that includes from me. So I’m very confident that we can still find a pathway this side of Christmas but it’s a little too hard to predict yet which way that will be.

On one of the controversial aspects of the bill – a “national interest” override, giving the environment minister the final say in approving significant projects – Watt defends its inclusion but says he’s willing to compromise:

This was a direct recommendation of Graeme Samuel in his review [of the current act]. What Graeme said was that we needed to introduce for the first time strong, clear national environmental standards for decision makers to consider when deciding whether to approve or reject a project. But he also said that elected governments should have the ability in rare circumstances to approve a project even if it doesn’t meet those environmental benchmarks, if it’s in the national interest to do so.

[…] Now obviously there’s been a lot of criticism of that aspect of these reforms since we tabled that bill, and I’m prepared to listen to that and think about whether there’s ways that we can minimise the risks of that kind of a power.

Watt remains optimistic that Australia can reach its climate targets, including net zero emissions by 2050, while admitting the difficulties:

I think that it will be difficult to meet our 2035 targets of 62% to 70%, but where we landed there was to make sure that they were ambitious but achievable. It will require a policy change, it will require new technology, but I do think that those targets are achievable, just as I think it’s achievable to get to net zero by 2050. The Conversation

Michelle Grattan, Professorial Fellow, University of Canberra

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

We knew Ningaloo’s coral bleaching was severe. But what we found 6 months later was still a shock

Zoe Richards, Curtin University

The heatwave in Western Australia last summer broke records. As marine scientists, we were deeply concerned about whether Ningaloo’s corals would survive. We were prepared for the worst, but what my colleague and I found when we returned to assess the damage months later was still a shock.

It was the longest-lasting, largest and most intense underwater heatwave ever recorded in WA. And it hammered the coral at Ningaloo Reef, part of the World Heritage-listed Nyinggulu or Ningaloo Coast, in the northwest of the state. (The word Ningaloo comes from the Aboriginal name Nyinggulu, which means a promontory or headland).

For coral, sustained heat stress is measured using degree heating weeks (DHW). At 4 DHW, coral bleaching is likely. At 8 DHW, many corals are at risk of bleaching and dying. At 20 DHW 80% mortality is predicted. At Ningaloo Reef last summer, more than 20 DHW were recorded.

In October, we returned and found that two in every three corals in the shallow lagoonal areas of the northern Nyinggulu Reef, including popular tourist sites such as Turquoise Bay, had died.

Dead brown coral covered in algae at Ningaloo Reef.
Dead coral covered in algae at Ningaloo Reef. Zoe Richards, CC BY-ND

How it happened

In March, in the middle of the bleaching period, our surveys of corals in the northern Ningaloo Reef lagoon showed up to 90% of the coral had bleached. Bleaching doesn’t automatically mean death, but in a heatwave this severe we feared a large dieback of coral.

In partnership with the Minderoo Exmouth Research Laboratory, my PhD student David Juszkiewicz and I returned to Ningaloo to resurvey the reef in October, 6 months after we last surveyed it mid-bleaching. We revisited eight sites spanning a 40 kilometre section of the northern lagoon, from the Osprey Sanctuary Zone to Tantabiddi Sanctuary Zone.

Within this area, we found between 52% and 71% of corals had died. Of the more than 1,600 individual corals counted and identified in March, only about 600 remained alive by the end of October. Most of the corals that were bleached in March did not survive.

Small pink underwater snails devouring remnant coral branches.
Coral-eating drupella snails devour remnant live coral. Zoe Richards, CC BY-ND

Superheated ocean

Globally, the ocean is the hottest it has ever been, and has been increasing in temperature year on year for the past decade. The 2024–25 heatwave was not normal, nor part of a natural cycle.

Such a prolonged heating event – where the entire water column down to 300 metres deep was superheated – has never been recorded in Australia. For corals, which have a relatively narrow range of thermal tolerance limits, the consequences have been dire.

Our finding of an average of 61% coral mortality in the lagoon habitats of Ningaloo Reef is confronting, but fortunately slightly lower than the predicted 80% mortality rate.

Which coral survived?

Some resilient species, such as Veron’s tube coral (Echinopora ashmorensis) and lesser knob coral (Cyphastrea microphthalma), have persisted, occasionally in high abundance. But populations of other previously dominant species such as the staghorn corals (Acropora tenuis, Acropora millepora, Acropora spicifera) and thin birdsnest coral (Seriatopora hystrix) have been decimated.

These types of branching corals punch above their weight in providing a habitat for marine animals. Their intricate network of branches offer space and shelter for a range of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, worms, tiny echinoderms such as starfish and more.

When these corals die, their branches quickly become infested with organisms like sponges, and the surfaces become overgrown with algae. Together, these new inhabitants erode and eventually flatten the coral skeleton, severely diminishing its value as habitat.

Not only has this heatwave had a direct impact on the coral at Ningaloo Reef, but it also likely had an indirect effect on the fauna that lives within the coral. So far, no data is available to quantify or substantiate this.

Spiky dead coral lies on the sea bed at Ningaloo Reef.
Dead coral at Ningaloo Reef. Zoe Richards, CC BY-ND

Coral collapse

Because of this coral death, the Ningaloo Reef ecosystem has undergone profound ecological simplification. In other words, the ecosystem becomes less complex, less diverse, and less stable, which can reduce its ability to support the species that rely on it. Ultimately, a simplified community is more vulnerable to total collapse.

Think of a Jenga tower: you can remove multiple blocks without the tower falling over, but if you pull one too many, the entire structure abruptly collapses. This is the situation we are facing at Ningaloo Reef. It’s vulnerable to collapse if there are more heatwaves, cyclones or predator outbreaks while it’s still recovering.

The recovery of these reefs will depend on future climatic conditions and the availability of baby corals to support regeneration. Sustained monitoring of coral composition, coral spawning, the persistence of algae shifts and faunal diversity will help us understand whether these coral reef systems can regrow following the 2024–25 heatwave.

Recovery

The Ningaloo bleaching event is not an isolated case. It is part of a broader pattern of coral reef decimation also happening on the Great Barrier Reef and around the world.

Mounting evidence shows the state of coral reefs is worsening despite concerted local conservation and regional management efforts.

The only way to protect these reefs is to change the economic systems that drive the burning of fossil fuels, and other activities which create climate change. That means shifting how we produce and use energy, transforming how industries operate and changing consumer demand.

As a global community, we need to pressure governments and businesses to take meaningful climate action.

As long as global economic forces continue to encourage the use of fossil fuels, coral reefs – and the people who rely on them for their socio-economic well being – will suffer.The Conversation

Zoe Richards, Associate Professor, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

This year’s climate talks saw real progress – just not on fossil fuels

Antonio Scorza/COP30, CC BY-NC-ND
Jacqueline Peel, The University of Melbourne

It wasn’t a comfortable process for the tens of thousands of delegates trying to hash out progress on climate change on the edge of the Amazon in Belém, Brazil. I experienced the challenges of the United Nations COP30 climate talks firsthand.

Delegates were hot and sweaty. Tech and aircon didn’t always work. Both flood and fire disrupted negotiations over the fortnight of negotiations. It drove home how climate change feels. But despite the discomfort, some progress was made.

Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva dubbed it the “COP of Truth”. Delegates did not shy away from the urgency of the moment as climate change intensifies and emissions continue to climb.

Ahead of the talks, many feared global political headwinds and the United States’ departure from the Paris Agreement would undermine this year’s talks. The fact that nearly 60,000 delegates attended these talks – the second highest ever – shows this isn’t the case.

Progress was made on funding climate finance and adaptation to the changes already emerging. But efforts on ending reliance on fossil fuels faltered in the face of strong resistance by fossil fuel powers. Much progress in Belém happened outside the main talks.

So what did COP30 deliver?

At one stage it looked like COP30 might crack the hardest nut in climate policy – reaching agreement on phasing out fossil fuels. Nations agreed two years ago that it was necessary to move away from fossil fuels. But no plan had yet been devised to get there.

Brazil had a plan: build support for a roadmap to phase out fossil fuels, championed by President Lula and pushed strongly by Environment Minister Marina Silva. It drew support from more than 80 countries, including major fossil fuel exporters such as Norway and Australia. Anticipating pushback, Brazil worked to boost support outside the main talks before bringing the plan in.

It didn’t work. By the end of COP30, all mention of a fossil fuel roadmap had been scrubbed from the text of the final outcomes, following fierce pushback from countries such as Russia, Saudi Arabia and India and many emerging economies.

Instead, countries agreed to launch “the Global Implementation Accelerator […] to keep 1.5°C within reach” and “taking into account” previous COP decisions. This initiative will be shepherded by the Brazilian COP30 Presidency and the leaders of next year’s COP31 talks, Turkey and Australia.

President Lula vowed to continue advocating for a fossil fuel roadmap at the G20. Colombia and the Netherlands will hold a conference on fossil fuel phaseout in April 2026. The COP30 decision text also makes reference to a “high-level event in 2026” which could take place in the Pacific. Without blockers of consensus at these meetings, a coalition of willing countries could make real progress in setting timelines and exchanging policy ideas for fossil fuel phase-out.

woman standing at podium.
Brazil’s Environment Minister Marina Silva emerged as a quiet force working to build support for the first roadmap to phase out fossil fuel extraction and use. Aline Massuca/COP30, CC BY-NC-ND

The decision to develop a just transition mechanism was welcomed as a win for workers and communities. The new mechanism’s purpose will be to increase international cooperation, technical assistance, capacity-building and knowledge-sharing as countries shift towards a low carbon global economy.

Efforts to boost financing for climate adaptation bogged down, reflecting the trade-offs over fossil fuels.

These funds are meant to help nations most exposed to severe climate damage, usually poorer and with low emissions. These nations led the charge for a tripling of climate finance by 2030 from the US$40 billion (A$62 billion) agreed at COP26 four years ago. But the agreed text merely “calls for efforts to at least triple adaptation finance by 2035”, which pushes out the timeframe and has no funding baseline.

Funding for tropical forests

One of Brazil’s own initiatives, the Tropical Forest Facility, achieved greater success, securing US$9.5 billion (A$14.7 billion) in funding pledges – a COP record.

The trust fund for rainforests is designed to provide resources to arrest global deforestation and protect Indigenous lands, including in the Amazon’s vital carbon sink.

Support for a roadmap towards ending deforestation secured 92 backers.

The success of these deforestation initiatives points to the effectiveness of the COP’s Action Agenda, aimed at spurring on climate action outside formal negotiations and including commitments from business, investors and civil society. As formal negotiations bog down, these bypasses may end up replacing negotiations in driving progress.

American absence

Ahead of COP30, analysts feared the ongoing attacks on climate action by the Trump administration would undermine the international negotiations.

COP30 was the first climate summit without a US government delegation. At first, the absence came as a relief.

But by summit’s end, the disappearance of the world’s biggest historical emitter and largest economy from negotiations had taken its toll.

Developing countries from the African group of negotiators argued better metrics and plans would be meaningless without funding to implement them. Traditionally, the US has been a major funder. No longer.

The US decision to turn its back on climate action created a subdued atmosphere. New finance pledges were broadly underwhelming, likely due to the dampening effect of the US retreat.

people taking photos of a pavilion at global talks.
China’s negotiators focused most of their energy in pushing back on European trade measures targeting high-emissions products. Antonio Scorza/COP30, CC BY-NC-ND

Early on, many hoped renewables and clean tech giant China might fill the leadership void. China’s clean tech exports last year were enough to cut overseas emissions by 1%. The huge industrial power produces almost 32% of the world’s carbon emissions. These emissions have plateaued, in turn suggesting global emissions may now have peaked.

But China showed reluctance to take up the mantle, preferring to remain focused on its own domestic energy transition. Chinese negotiators spent most of their energy pushing back against new European trade measures targeting emissions-intensive production.

It was left to some of the smallest nations, Indigenous peoples and civil society to lead calls for sticking to the science, ramping up urgency and accelerating the rollout of solutions. An estimated 70,000 people marched in the streets of Belém, staging a mock funeral for fossil fuels. It was an important affirmation of widespread public support for climate action.

What legacy?

As the UN’s climate Executive Secretary Simon Stiell said midway through COP30, nations had to “give a little to get a lot”.

Many countries will be reflecting they gave a lot but got very little. The biggest winners were, yet again, the world’s petrostates who successfully frustrated attempts to address fossil fuels.

Questions will inevitably be asked over whether these consensus-based talks are fit for purpose, given they can be gamed by blockers.

For many, COP30 will be regarded as a failure on fossil fuels and addressing major gaps between national pledges to cut emissions and what’s needed to hold warming to 1.5°C.

This is true. But another view would be that these talks made real progress on important areas despite considerable challenges.

Negotiators from 194 countries showed up and continued to talk and work together to tackle the worsening crisis. Nearly half of those countries have shown they’re ready to begin weaning themselves off fossil fuels through their support for the phase-out roadmap. They don’t have to wait for a UN consensus to act. Fossil fuel exporters only have power while other nations buy and rely on their products.

The world’s climate talks are now clearly moving away from arcane negotiations to the pressing real-world challenges of doing the work. In a rapidly warming world, all issues are becoming climate issues.The Conversation

Jacqueline Peel, Professor of Law, The University of Melbourne

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Australia’s new National Food Council: lots of industry reps, at the cost of health and environment

Rachel Carey, The University of Melbourne

The Australian government recently announced who would be on the nation’s first National Food Council. This council was established to advise on the development of Australia’s national food security strategy, Feeding Australia.

Some stakeholders, such as the National Farmers Federation, have welcomed the appointment of council members.

But some public health and food policy experts are concerned about the high number of National Food Council members representing industry interests.

The 11-member council includes representatives from food supply chains, including agricultural industries, food manufacturing and retailers. It also includes experts in supply chain logistics, food innovation and veterinary sciences.

One member has expertise in First Nations engagement and public health nutrition. However, there are few experts in public health, environmental sustainability or community groups on the council.

Industry influence

There’s growing recognition globally that corporate influence inhibits policy promoting equitable access to healthy and sustainable food.

The development of Australia’s national food plan in 2013 led to policy focused primarily on increasing food exports and agricultural productivity. There was little focus on public health or environmental sustainability goals.

My colleagues and I have undertaken research on the development of this plan. We found that a working group that advised on its development was dominated by industry representatives.

Industry lobbied against the inclusion of environmental sustainability considerations in the 2013 Australian dietary guidelines. This led to environmental guidance being included as an appendix, rather than in the main guidelines.

A revised version of the Australian Dietary Guidelines is due in 2026.

Industry stakeholders continue to lobby against the inclusion of dietary advice about how to eat sustainably.

That’s despite mounting evidence we need to transform food production and consumption to stay within safe planetary boundaries and keep global warming to 1.5 or 2 degrees.

Putting people, not production, at the centre

Food security has long been seen in Australia primarily in terms of increasing food production.

Australia produces a significant food surplus and exports around 70% of total agricultural production. This contributes to a belief the country is food secure.

But household food insecurity is rising nationally. Climate change, geopolitical unrest and cost-of-living pressures are all major factors.

More than one in eight (13.2% or 1.3 million) Australian households experienced food insecurity in 2023. In other words, they struggled to afford food.

The national food security strategy (that the new National Food Council is advising government on) will need to tackle equitable access to healthy and sustainably produced food for Australians as a priority.

Action to promote access to nutritious and sustainably produced food is central to achieving real food security.

With poor diet driving so much disease in Australia, public health experts have proposed policies to transform food environments. We need to make it easier for Australians to eat healthily.

Food production in Australia is also a significant driver of land use change, biodiversity loss and greenhouse gas emissions.

The new National Food Council would be strengthened by more of this kind of expertise, as well as greater representation from First Nations farmers and communities, small scale farmers and civil society groups.

Broader change required

Australia’s food system affects public health, environmental sustainability, social equity, livelihoods and economic growth.

That means the development of the National Food Security Strategy needs robust governance systems to balance these factors and manage competing interests.

Cross-government co-ordination of policies that affect Australia’s food system would help.

A recent federal inquiry into food security in Australia recommended the appointment of a minister for food. This person could be embedded in the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet.

However, the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry is leading the development of the national food security strategy.

This suggests a continued emphasis on boosting food production.

It’s a missed opportunity to think differently about how we can ensure all Australians have access to enough healthy and sustainably produced food.The Conversation

Rachel Carey, Senior Lecturer in Food Systems, The University of Melbourne

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

The fast-fix for global warming that the UN climate summit can’t ignore

Burping cows are responsible for about a quarter of human-caused emissions of methane: a potent greenhouse gas. Jawinter / shutterstock
Piers Forster, University of Leeds and Jessica Seddon, Yale University

Despite rapid progress in clean energy and electric vehicles, the world is still warming faster than ever. The good news is that we already have powerful ways to reduce the warming rate – if governments look beyond carbon dioxide and focus on a broader set of pollutants.

We are writing this from the UN’s Cop30 climate summit in Belém, Brazil, where much of the attention is rightly on the carbon dioxide cuts that we need to avoid long-term warming. But we could make faster progress by also tackling a different set of pollutants that heat the planet intensely – but fade rapidly. Cutting emissions of these means cutting the warming quickly.

So-called “short-lived climate pollutants”, or SLCPs, are emitted in various ways and many of them have the same sources as CO₂. The common ground is that they typically don’t stay in the atmosphere for very long – from a few days to a few decades, compared to centuries for carbon dioxide.

If carbon dioxide is the marathon runner of global warming, SLCPs are the sprinters, with a fast and powerful impact on global temperatures. Because cutting their emissions quickly reduces how much of them is in the atmosphere, they offer a real and rapid way to slow warming.

Methane, emitted from leaky gas pipes, belching cows, and rotting organic matter (think municipal solid waste) among other sources, is one of the most prevalent and powerful SLCPs. It only lasts in the atmosphere for about 12 years, but traps heat 80 times more effectively than carbon dioxide in that time. It’s easy to see how methane has accounted for around a third of global warming since the industrial revolution.

Atmospheric methane reached record levels last year, with an increase of over 3% since just 2019. Aggressive cuts could make a big contribution to slowing warming before mid-century – a timeline that really matters for the countries most affected by escalating climate change.

Retro fridge
Chemicals used in your fridge can warm the climate. welcomeinside / shutterstock

Other potentially game-changing SLCPs include tropospheric ozone, formed when sunlight reacts primarily with methane and nitrogen oxides. Ground level ozone is also a pollutant that damages human health as well as crops and ecosystems. Hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCs, used in air conditioning and refrigeration, are also incredibly powerful greenhouse gases.

Nitrogen oxides themselves, along with ammonia, volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide, add to this mix, creating a cocktail of gases and other pollutants that aren’t carbon dioxide but are still able to change the climate. Cutting these pollutants helps human health, the climate and ecosystems.

But there is a flip side. One type of SLCPs (tiny airborne particles known as aerosols, emitted by burning fossil fuels and biomass among other sources) can temporarily cool the planet while they remain in the air. Whiter particles reflect sunlight back into space, while darker particles absorb it and warm the atmosphere. Aerosols also affect clouds, winds, and the strength of the monsoon.

This doesn’t mean we should delay reducing aerosols – keeping health-damaging pollutants in the air is hardly a climate strategy to be proud of – but it does mean that we need to accelerate action on other ways to stop the warming fast.

Fast moves

Many policies and technologies that target carbon dioxide can also reduce SLCPs. Shifting to renewable energy or electric vehicles also cuts methane, nitrogen oxides and aerosol emissions. Plans and policies focused on tackling short-lived pollutants, such as capturing methane emitted from landfill sites, disused coal mines, or stopping gas network leaks, also present quick and cost-effective wins.

Governments already know this. The Global Methane Pledge, launched at the Cop26 summit in Glasgow, highlights that cutting methane is our single most effective strategy for keeping 1.5˚C within reach.

But a rapid acceleration is needed to meet its goal of reducing emissions by 30% by 2030, and at the moment too many countries, including key emitters who have signed the pledge (the EU and US) are not taking it seriously enough. Other major emitters like China and India haven’t signed up to the pledge, though backsliding from the west means that they have a chance to take the lead.

Other short-term pollutants may prove trickier. For example, HFCs are targeted by the 2016 Kigali amendment to the ozone layer-protecting Montreal Protocol.

This aims to phase them down by over 80% by 2050, but barriers to action include the costs of alternative technologies for developing countries and a black-market trade in HFCs. Global cooperation is needed to find solutions to these and other challenges.

What can Cop30 do?

SLCPs are clearly being discussed at Cop30, with influential non-state organisations like the Global Methane Hub, Clean Air Fund and Climate and Clean Air Coalition raising these issues. New initiatives like the Super Pollutant Country Action Accelerator, directly support developing countries in reducing methane and other non-carbon dioxide emissions.

But such ambitious action also needs to be taken at the highest level, by the governments negotiating the climate summit’s core outcomes, if we are to make use of this “emergency brake” on global warming.

The IPCC is set to publish a report on short-lived pollutants in 2027. This will not only raise the issue up the agenda but also provide governments with a sound basis on which to build policies and plans that tackle climate change and air pollution simultaneously.


Don’t have time to read about climate change as much as you’d like?
Get a weekly roundup in your inbox instead. Every Wednesday, The Conversation’s environment editor writes Imagine, a short email that goes a little deeper into just one climate issue. Join the 47,000+ readers who’ve subscribed so far.The Conversation


Piers Forster, Professor of Physical Climate Change; Director of the Priestley Centre for Climate Futures, University of Leeds and Jessica Seddon, Senior Lecturer and Director of the Deitz Family Initiative on Environment and Global Affairs, Yale University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Sea level doesn’t rise at the same rate everywhere – we mapped where Antarctica’s ice melt would have the biggest impact

Sea-level rise changes coastlines, putting homes at risk, as Summer Haven, Fla., has seen. Aerial Views/E+/Getty Images
Shaina Sadai, Five College Consortium and Ambarish Karmalkar, University of Rhode Island

When polar ice sheets melt, the effects ripple across the world. The melting ice raises average global sea level, alters ocean currents and affects temperatures in places far from the poles.

But melting ice sheets don’t affect sea level and temperatures in the same way everywhere.

In a new study, our team of scientists investigated how ice melting in Antarctica affects global climate and sea level. We combined computer models of the Antarctic ice sheet, solid Earth and global climate, including atmospheric and oceanic processes, to explore the complex interactions that melting ice has with other parts of the Earth.

Understanding what happens to Antarctica’s ice matters, because it holds enough frozen water to raise average sea level by about 190 feet (58 meters). As the ice melts, it becomes an existential problem for people and ecosystems in island and coastal communities.

A woman stands outside an old home showing where sea level rise has eroded the shoreline nearly to the home's foundation.
Sea level is inching up on homes on Tierra Bomba Island, Colombia, where a cemetery already washed away. Luis Acosta/AFP via Getty Images

Changes in Antarctica

The extent to which the Antarctic ice sheet melts will depend on how much the Earth warms. And that depends on future greenhouse gas emissions from sources including vehicles, power plants and industries.

Studies suggest that much of the Antarctic ice sheet could survive if countries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions in line with the 2015 Paris Agreement goal to keep global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) compared to before the industrial era. However, if emissions continue rising and the atmosphere and oceans warm much more, that could cause substantial melting and much higher sea levels.

Our research shows that high emissions pose risks not just to the stability of the West Antarctic ice sheet, which is already contributing to sea-level rise, but also for the much larger and more stable East Antarctic ice sheet.

It also shows how different regions of the world will experience different levels of sea-level rise as Antarctica melts.

Understanding sea-level change

If sea levels rose like the water in a bathtub, then as ice sheets melt, the ocean would rise by the same amount everywhere. But that isn’t what happens.

Instead, many places experience higher regional sea-level rise than the global average, while places close to the ice sheet can even see sea levels drop. The main reason has to do with gravity.

Ice sheets are massive, and that mass creates a strong gravitational pull that attracts the surrounding ocean water toward them, similar to how the gravitational pull between Earth and the Moon affects the tides.

As the ice sheet shrinks, its gravitational pull on the ocean declines, leading to sea levels falling in regions close to the ice sheet coast and rising farther away. But sea-level changes are not only a function of distance from the melting ice sheet. This ice loss also changes how the planet rotates. The rotation axis is pulled toward that missing ice mass, which in turn redistributes water around the globe.

2 factors that can slow melting

As the massive ice sheet melts, the solid Earth beneath it rebounds.

Underneath the bedrock of Antarctica is Earth’s mantle, which flows slowly like maple syrup. The more the ice sheet melts, the less it presses down on the solid Earth. With less weight on it, the bedrock can rebound. This can lift parts of the ice sheet out of contact with warming ocean waters, slowing the rate of melting. This happens quicker in places where the mantle flows faster, such as underneath the West Antarctic ice sheet.

This rebound effect could help preserve the ice sheet – if global greenhouse gas emissions are kept low.

NASA explains how land rebounds when ice sheets melts. NASA via Virtual Palaeosciences.

Another factor that can slow melting might seem counterintuitive.

While Antarctic meltwater drives rising sea levels, models show it also delays greenhouse gas-induced warming. That’s because icy meltwater from Antarctica reduces ocean surface temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere and tropical Pacific, trapping heat in the deep ocean and slowing the rise of global average air temperature.

But as melting occurs, even if it slows, sea levels rise.

Mapping our sea-level results

We combined computer models that simulate these and other behaviors of the Antarctic ice sheet, solid Earth and climate to understand what could happen to sea level around the world as global temperatures rise and ice melts.

For example, in a moderate scenario in which the world reduces greenhouse gas emissions, though not enough to keep global warming under 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 Fahrenheit) in 2100, we found the average sea-level rise from Antarctic ice melt would be about 4 inches (0.1  meters) by 2100. By 2200, it would be more than 3.3 feet (1  meter).

Keep in mind that this is only sea-level rise caused by Antarctic melt. The Greenland ice sheet and thermal expansion of seawater as the oceans warm will also raise sea levels. Current estimates suggest that total average sea-level rise – including Greenland and thermal expansion – would be 1 to 2 feet (0.32 to 0.63 meters) by 2100 under the same scenario.

Two maps of the earth showing differing sea level rise
Models show Antarctica’s contribution to sea-level rise in 2200 under medium (top) and high (bottom) emissions. The global mean sea-level rise is in purple. Regionally higher than average sea-level rise appears in dark blue. Sadai et al., 2025

We also show how sea-level rise from Antarctica varies around the world.

In that moderate emissions scenario, we found the highest sea-level rise from Antarctic ice melt alone, up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) by 2200, occurs in the Indian, Pacific and western Atlantic ocean basins – places far from Antarctica.

These regions are home to many people in low-lying coastal areas, including residents of island nations in the Caribbean, such as Jamaica, and the central Pacific, such as the Marshall Islands, that are already experiencing detrimental impacts from rising seas.

Under a high emissions scenario, we found the average sea-level rise caused by Antarctic melting would be much higher: about 1 foot (0.3  meters) in 2100 and close to 10 feet (more than 3 meters) in 2200.

Under this scenario, a broader swath of the Pacific Ocean basin north of the equator, including Micronesia and Palau, and across the middle of the Atlantic Ocean basin would see the highest sea-level rise, up to 4.3 meters (14 feet) by 2200, just from Antarctica.

Although these sea-level rise numbers seem alarming, the world’s current emissions and recent projections suggest this very high emissions scenario is unlikely. This exercise, however, highlights the serious consequences of high emissions and underscores the importance of reducing emissions.

The takeaway

These impacts have implications for climate justice, particularly for island nations that have done little to contribute to climate change yet already experience the devastating impacts of sea-level rise.

Many island nations are already losing land to sea-level rise, and they have been leading global efforts to minimize temperature rise. Protecting these countries and other coastal areas will require reducing greenhouse gas emissions faster than nations are committing to do today.The Conversation

Shaina Sadai, Associate in Earth Science, Five College Consortium and Ambarish Karmalkar, Assistant Professor of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Impacts of colonisation on dingoes are ‘written in their bones’, new research finds

A typical ginger dingo from the Strzelecki Desert. Matthew Brun, QLD, CC BY-NC
Kylie M. Cairns, UNSW Sydney; Mathew Crowther, University of Sydney; Melanie Fillios, University of New England, and Mike Letnic, UNSW Sydney

Dingoes are no ordinary dogs. They trace their roots back to an ancient Asian lineage and made their way to Australia more than 3,500 years ago.

Since then, they’ve become integrated into Australian ecosystems. They hold deep cultural meaning for many Indigenous Australians — woven into songlines, ceremonies, and family life, and often regarded as kin.

In research published today in PNAS, our team sought to unravel how European colonisation has shaped dingoes over the last two centuries. Like everyone and everything else in Australia when the First Fleet arrived in 1788, dingoes had to adapt to a new reality – and that adaptation is written in their bones.

Colonial conflict with dingoes

The arrival of Europeans in Australia irrevocably changed Indigenous communities, ecosystems and the continent’s apex predator, the dingo. With the First Fleet came livestock and many European dogs including greyhounds, terriers and spaniels.

During the past 237 years, public attitudes to dingoes have been shaped by the creatures’ conflict with livestock. Trapping, shooting, bounties and poison baiting have become commonplace.

Some have been concerned that interbreeding between dingoes and European dogs may lead to dingoes losing their unique identity.

However, recent DNA studies have suggested such interbreeding is uncommon, at least in the modern era.

But the extent of the historic genetic influence of dogs on dingoes has still been unclear.

Analysing ancient tissue

For our new research, we used a combination of stable isotope and ancient DNA analysis of pre-1788 and post-1788 dingoes from the Nullarbor Plain in Western Australia. Stable isotope analysis looks at the chemicals found in once-living tissues to determine diet and environmental conditions.

We also compared the genomes of modern dingoes to these historic baselines to uncover the timing and extent of gene flow from modern dogs into dingoes.

Our analysis showed changes in the chemical signatures (carbon and nitrogen) of Nullarbor dingo bones post-1788. This suggests dingo diets diets changed after European arrival.

Europeans managed the landscape in completely new ways. They introduced sheep, cattle and rabbits. By killing dingoes Europeans facilitated the eruption of kangaroo numbers. This altered the native vegetation and changed which prey animals were available for dingoes to hunt.

Maintaining a distinctive identity

With pre-1788 dingoes as a baseline we can detect the presence of historic European dog DNA in many modern dingo populations, particularly in southeastern Australia.

However, little European dog DNA is detected in dingoes from central and western Australia. Despite historic hybridisation, dingoes have maintained their distinctive identity.

We found that gene flow from European dogs into dingoes peaked during the mid 20th century (1960s to 1980s). We can tell this from the length of the DNA fragments inherited, with modern dingoes carrying many small chunks of historic European dog DNA rather than long stretches.

Many dingoes have had no dog ancestors in the last 10 generations (roughly five years per generation). The timing of gene flow into dingoes coincided with the intensification of large-scale dingo culling programs.

These programs may have increased opportunities for breeding between dingoes and dogs by breaking down dingo social structures and reducing the availability of dingo mates.

Overcoming inbreeding

We found that pre-1788 dingoes had high levels of inbreeding, which reflects long-term isolation and a small founding population.

After 1788, the fragments of European dog DNA present in many dingoes were important sources of genetic diversity. This extra DNA variation may be helping dingoes to overcome inbreeding.

We also found evidence that positive selection is acting to retain these fragments of European dog DNA in dingo populations. This could explain why European dog DNA is persisting through so many generations.

While gene flow between species is typically considered detrimental, we now understand that gene flow can help species adapt to challenges and changing environments.

For example, in areas with low winter snow the local snowshoe hares have gained a brown winter coat as a result of gene flow from jackrabbits.

Dingo management is divisive

Dingoes are a serious threat to livestock such as sheep. But they play an important role in maintaining healthy ecosystems and are deeply valued by many Aboriginal peoples.

Lethal control of wildlife often comes with unintended consequences. For example, reducing dingo numbers could increase the risk of hybridisation with domestic dogs, as it does with wolves and coyotes in North America.

Studies have also shown ecosystems without dingoes are less resilient. These ecosystems are also characterised by shifts in vegetation due to an increase in plant consumption and a loss of small prey species.

Our findings challenge the idea that hybridisation is negative. Historical gene flow may provide the genetic variability for dingoes to overcome inbreeding and meet the challenge of changing Australian environments.

A young dingo with an unusual coat colour on the NSW coast. Chontelle Burns/Nouveau Rise Photography, CC BY-NC

There is a complex interplay between historic inbreeding, gene flow from dogs and the consequences of culling. Establishing historic baselines is crucial to disentangling complex evolutionary histories and informing conservation policy in a world where hybridisation is an increasingly common occurrence.

Australian policy makers should prioritise maintaining large and connected dingo populations. This will allow evolutionary forces to get rid of unhelpful European dog DNA variants while retaining beneficial diversity.

More broadly, conservation must move move beyond simplistic notions of “purity”. Worldwide, hybridisation is a growing conservation threat. But it can also be a critical tool for threatened species recovery.

Many wild canids – wolves, coyotes and jackals – have experienced gene flow from dogs. Importantly for dingoes, despite some historic gene flow, they remain ecologically and genetically distinct from dogs – as they have been since before European colonisation.The Conversation

Kylie M. Cairns, Research Fellow in Canid and Wildlife Genomics, UNSW Sydney; Mathew Crowther, Professor, University of Sydney; Melanie Fillios, Professor, Department of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, University of New England, and Mike Letnic, Professor, Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, UNSW Sydney

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Pittwater Reserves: histories + Notes + Pictorial Walks

A History Of The Campaign For Preservation Of The Warriewood Escarpment by David Palmer OAM and Angus Gordon OAM
A Saturday Morning Stroll around Bongin Bongin - Mona Vale's Basin, Mona Vale Beach October 2024 by Kevin Murray
A Stroll Along The Centre Track At Ku-Ring-Gai Chase National Park: June 2024 - by Kevin Murray
A Stroll Around Manly Dam: Spring 2023 by Kevin Murray and Joe Mills
A Stroll Through Warriewood Wetlands by Joe Mills February 2023
A Walk Around The Cromer Side Of Narrabeen Lake by Joe Mills
A Walk on the Duffy's Wharf Track October 2024 by Kevin Murray and Joe Mills
America Bay Track Walk - photos by Joe Mills
An Aquatic June: North Narrabeen - Turimetta - Collaroy photos by Joe Mills 
Angophora Reserve  Angophora Reserve Flowers Grand Old Tree Of Angophora Reserve Falls Back To The Earth - History page
Annie Wyatt Reserve - A  Pictorial
Annie Wyatt Reserve, Palm Beach: Pittwater Fields of Dreams II - The Tree Lovers League 
Aquatic Reflections seen this week (May 2023): Narrabeen + Turimetta by Joe Mills 
Avalon Beach Reserve- Bequeathed By John Therry  
Avalon Beach This Week: A Place Of A Bursting Main, Flooding Drains + Falling Boulders Council Announces Intention To Progress One LEP For Whole LGA + Transport Oriented Development Begins
Avalon's Village Green: Avalon Park Becomes Dunbar Park - Some History + Toongari Reserve and Catalpa Reserve
Bairne Walking Track Ku-Ring-Gai Chase NP by Kevin Murray
Bangalley Headland  Bangalley Mid Winter
Bangalley Headland Walk: Spring 2023 by Kevin Murray and Joe Mills
Banksias of Pittwater
Barrenjoey Boathouse In Governor Phillip Park  Part Of Our Community For 75 Years: Photos From The Collection Of Russell Walton, Son Of Victor Walton
Barrenjoey Headland: Spring flowers 
Barrenjoey Headland after fire
Bayview Baths
Bayview Pollution runoff persists: Resident states raw sewerage is being washed into the estuary
Bayview Public Wharf and Baths: Some History
Bayview Public Wharf Gone; Bayview Public Baths still not netted - Salt Pan Public Wharf Going
Bayview's new walkway, current state of the Bayview public Wharf & Baths + Maybanke Cove
Bayview Sea Scouts Hall: Some History
Bayview Wetlands
Beeby Park
Bilgola Beach
Bilgola Plateau Parks For The People: Gifted By A. J. Small, N. A. K. Wallis + The Green Pathways To Keep People Connected To The Trees, Birds, Bees - For Children To Play 
Botham Beach by Barbara Davies
Brown's Bay Public Wharf, on McCarrs Creek, Church Point: Some History
Bungan Beach Bush Care
Careel Bay Saltmarsh plants 
Careel Bay Birds  
Careel Bay Clean Up day
Careel Bay Marina Environs November 2024 - Spring Celebrations
Careel Bay Playing Fields History and Current
Careel Bay Steamer Wharf + Boatshed: some history 
Careel Creek 
Careel Creek - If you rebuild it they will come
Central Trail: Ku-ring-Gai Chase National Park, Spring 2025 by Kevin Murray
Centre trail in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park
Chiltern Track- Ingleside by Marita Macrae
Clareville Beach
Clareville/Long Beach Reserve + some History
Clareville Public Wharf: 1885 to 1935 - Some History 
Coastal Stability Series: Cabbage Tree Bay To Barrenjoey To Observation Point by John Illingsworth, Pittwater Pathways, and Dr. Peter Mitchell OAM
Community Concerned Over the Increase of Plastic Products Being Used by the Northern Beaches Council for Installations in Pittwater's Environment
Cowan Track by Kevin Murray
Crown Reserves Improvement Fund Allocations 2021
Crown Reserves Improvement Fund 2022-23: $378,072 Allocated To Council For Weed Control - Governor Phillip Park Gets a Grant This Time: full details of all 11 sites
Crown Reserves Improvement Fund Allocations 2023-2024
Crown Reserves Grants 2025 Announced: Local focus on Weeds + Repairs to Long Reef Boardwalk + some pictures of council's recent works at Hitchcock Park - Careel Bay playing fields - CRIF 2025
Curl Curl To Freshwater Walk: October 2021 by Kevin Murray and Joe Mills
Currawong and Palm Beach Views - Winter 2018
Currawong-Mackerel-The Basin A Stroll In Early November 2021 - photos by Selena Griffith
Currawong State Park Currawong Beach +  Currawong Creek
Deep Creek To Warriewood Walk photos by Joe Mills
Drone Gives A New View On Coastal Stability; Bungan: Bungan Headland To Newport Beach + Bilgola: North Newport Beach To Avalon + Bangalley: Avalon Headland To Palm Beach
Duck Holes: McCarrs Creek by Joe Mills
Dunbar Park - Some History + Toongari Reserve and Catalpa Reserve
Dundundra Falls Reserve: August 2020 photos by Selena Griffith - Listed in 1935
Elsie Track, Scotland Island
Elvina Track in Late Winter 2019 by Penny Gleen
Elvina Bay Walking Track: Spring 2020 photos by Joe Mills 
Elvina Bay-Lovett Bay Loop Spring 2020 by Kevin Murray and Joe Mills
Fern Creek - Ingleside Escarpment To Warriewood Walk + Some History photos by Joe Mills
Great Koala National Park Announced: Historic Win for Wildlife, Biodiversity, Community
Hordern Park, Palm Beach: Some History + 2024 Photos of park from top to beach
Iluka Park, Woorak Park, Pittwater Park, Sand Point Reserve, Snapperman Beach Reserve - Palm Beach: Some History
Ingleside
Ingleside Wildflowers August 2013
Irrawong Falls Walk May 2025 by Joe Mills
Irrawong - Ingleside Escarpment Trail Walk Spring 2020 photos by Joe Mills
Irrawong - Mullet Creek Restoration
Katandra Bushland Sanctuary - Ingleside
Killing of Ruskin Rowe Heritage Listed Tree 'authoritarian'
Long Reef Sunrise Headland Walk by Joe Mills
Lucinda Park, Palm Beach: Some History + 2022 Pictures
McCarrs Creek
McCarrs Creek Public Jetty, Brown's Bay Public Jetty, Rostrevor Reserve, Cargo Wharf, Church Point Public Wharf: a few pictures from the Site Investigations for Pittwater Public Wharves History series 2025
McCarr's Creek to Church Point to Bayview Waterfront Path
McKay Reserve
Milton Family Property History - Palm Beach By William (Bill) James Goddard II with photos courtesy of the Milton Family   - Snapperman to Sandy Point, Pittwater
Mona Vale Beach - A Stroll Along, Spring 2021 by Kevin Murray
Mona Vale Headland, Basin and Beach Restoration
Mona Vale Woolworths Front Entrance Gets Garden Upgrade: A Few Notes On The Site's History 
Mother Brushtail Killed On Barrenjoey Road: Baby Cried All Night - Powerful Owl Struck At Same Time At Careel Bay During Owlet Fledgling Season: calls for mitigation measures - The List of what you can do for those who ask 'What You I Do' as requested
Mount Murray Anderson Walking Track by Kevin Murray and Joe Mills
Mullet Creek
Muogamarra Nature Reserve in Cowan celebrates 90 years: a few insights into The Vision of John Duncan Tipper, Founder 
Muogamarra by Dr Peter Mitchell OAM and John Illingsworth
Narrabeen Creek
Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment: Past Notes Present Photos by Margaret Woods
Narrabeen Lagoon Entrance Clearing Works: September To October 2023  pictures by Joe Mills
Narrabeen Lagoon State Park
Narrabeen Lagoon State Park Expansion
Narrabeen Rockshelf Aquatic Reserve
Nerang Track, Terrey Hills by Bea Pierce
Newport Bushlink - the Crown of the Hill Linked Reserves
Newport Community Garden - Woolcott Reserve
Newport to Bilgola Bushlink 'From The Crown To The Sea' Paths:  Founded In 1956 - A Tip and Quarry Becomes Green Space For People and Wildlife 
Northern Beaches Council recommends allowing dogs offleash on Mona Vale Beach
Out and About July 2020 - Storm swell
Out & About: July 2024 - Barrenjoey To Paradise Beach To Bayview To Narrabeen + Middle Creek - by John Illingsworth, Adriaan van der Wallen, Joe Mills, Suzanne Daly, Jacqui Marlowe and AJG
Palm Beach Headland Becomes Australia’s First Urban Night Sky Place: Barrenjoey High School Alumni Marnie Ogg's Hard Work
Palm Beach Public Wharf: Some History 
Paradise Beach Baths renewal Complete - Taylor's Point Public Wharf Rebuild Underway
Realises Long-Held Dream For Everyone
Paradise Beach Wharf + Taylor's Wharf renewal projects: October 2024 pictorial update - update pics of Paradise Wharf and Pool renewal, pre-renewal Taylors Point wharf + a few others of Pittwater on a Spring Saturday afternoon
Pictures From The Past: Views Of Early Narrabeen Bridges - 1860 To 1966
Pittwater Beach Reserves Have Been Dedicated For Public Use Since 1887 - No 1.: Avalon Beach Reserve- Bequeathed By John Therry 
Pittwater Reserves: The Green Ways; Bungan Beach and Bungan Head Reserves:  A Headland Garden 
Pittwater Reserves, The Green Ways: Clareville Wharf and Taylor's Point Jetty
Pittwater Reserves: The Green Ways; Hordern, Wilshire Parks, McKay Reserve: From Beach to Estuary 
Pittwater Reserves - The Green Ways: Mona Vale's Village Greens a Map of the Historic Crown Lands Ethos Realised in The Village, Kitchener and Beeby Parks 
Pittwater Reserves: The Green Ways Bilgola Beach - The Cabbage Tree Gardens and Camping Grounds - Includes Bilgola - The Story Of A Politician, A Pilot and An Epicure by Tony Dawson and Anne Spencer  
Pittwater spring: waterbirds return to Wetlands
Pittwater's Lone Rangers - 120 Years of Ku-Ring-Gai Chase and the Men of Flowers Inspired by Eccleston Du Faur 
Pittwater's Great Outdoors: Spotted To The North, South, East + West- June 2023:  Palm Beach Boat House rebuild going well - First day of Winter Rainbow over Turimetta - what's Blooming in the bush? + more by Joe Mills, Selena Griffith and Pittwater Online
Pittwater's Parallel Estuary - The Cowan 'Creek
Pittwater Pathways To Public Lands & Reserves
Plastic grass announced For Kamilaroi Park Bayview + Lakeside Park
Project Penguin 2017 - Taronga Zoo Expo day
Project Penguin 2025 + Surfing with a Penguin in South Africa + Pittwater's Penguins
Resolute Track at West Head by Kevin Murray
Resolute Track Stroll by Joe Mills
Riddle Reserve, Bayview
Salt Pan Cove Public Wharf on Regatta Reserve + Florence Park + Salt Pan Reserve + Refuge Cove Reserve: Some History
Salt Pan Public Wharf, Regatta Reserve, Florence Park, Salt Pan Cove Reserve, Refuge Cove Reserve Pictorial and Information
Salvation Loop Trail, Ku-Ring-Gai Chase National Park- Spring 2020 - by Selena Griffith
Scotland Island Dieback Accelerating: November 2024
Seagull Pair At Turimetta Beach: Spring Is In The Air!
Shark net removal trial cancelled for this year:  Shark Meshing (Bather Protection) Program 2024-25 Annual Performance Report Released
2023-2024 Shark Meshing Program statistics released: council's to decide on use or removal
Shark Meshing (Bather Protection) Program 2022/23 Annual Performance Report 
Shark Meshing (Bather Protection) Program 2021/22 Annual Performance Report - Data Shows Vulnerable, Endangered and Critically Endangered Species Being Found Dead In Nets Off Our Beaches 
Shark Meshing (Bather Protection) Program 2020/21 Annual Performance Report 
Shark Meshing 2019/20 Performance Report Released
DPI Shark Meshing 2018/19 Performance ReportLocal Nets Catch Turtles, a Few Sharks + Alternatives Being Tested + Historical Insights
Some late November Insects (2023)
Stapleton Reserve
Stapleton Park Reserve In Spring 2020: An Urban Ark Of Plants Found Nowhere Else
Stealing The Bush: Pittwater's Trees Changes - Some History 
Stokes Point To Taylor's Point: An Ideal Picnic, Camping & Bathing Place 
Stony Range Regional Botanical Garden: Some History On How A Reserve Became An Australian Plant Park
Taylor's Point Public Wharf 2013-2020 History
The Chiltern Track
The Chiltern Trail On The Verge Of Spring 2023 by Kevin Murray and Joe Mills
The 'Newport Loop': Some History 
The Resolute Beach Loop Track At West Head In Ku-Ring-Gai Chase National Park by Kevin Murray
The Top Predator by A Dad from A Pittwater Family of Dog Owners & Dog Lovers
$378,072 Allocated To Council For Weed Control: Governor Phillip Park Gets a Grant This Time: full details of all 11 sites - CRIF March 2023
Topham Track Ku-Ring-Gai Chase NP,  August 2022 by Joe Mills and Kevin Murray
Towlers Bay Walking Track by Joe Mills
Trafalgar Square, Newport: A 'Commons' Park Dedicated By Private Landholders - The Green Heart Of This Community
Tranquil Turimetta Beach, April 2022 by Joe Mills
Tree Management Policy Passed
Trial to remove shark nets - NBC - Central Coast - Waverly approached to nominate a beach each
Turimetta Beach Reserve by Joe Mills, Bea Pierce and Lesley
Turimetta Beach Reserve: Old & New Images (by Kevin Murray) + Some History
Turimetta Headland
Turimetta Moods by Joe Mills: June 2023
Turimetta Moods (Week Ending June 23 2023) by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods: June To July 2023 Pictures by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods: July Becomes August 2023 by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods: August Becomes September 2023 ; North Narrabeen - Turimetta - Warriewood - Mona Vale photographs by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods August 2025 by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods: Mid-September To Mid-October 2023 by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods: Late Spring Becomes Summer 2023-2024 by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods: Warriewood Wetlands Perimeter Walk October 2024 by Joe Mills
Turimetta Moods: November 2024 by Joe Mills

Pittwater's Birds

Attracting Insectivore Birds to Your Garden: DIY Natural Tick Control small bird insectivores, species like the Silvereye, Spotted Pardalote, Gerygone, Fairywren and Thornbill, feed on ticks. Attracting these birds back into your garden will provide not only a residence for tick eaters but also the delightful moments watching these tiny birds provides.
Aussie Backyard Bird Count 2017: Take part from 23 - 29 October - how many birds live here?
Aussie Backyard Bird Count 2018 - Our Annual 'What Bird Is That?' Week Is Here! This week the annual Aussie Backyard Bird Count runs from 22-28 October 2018. Pittwater is one of those places fortunate to have birds that thrive because of an Aquatic environment, a tall treed Bush environment and areas set aside for those that dwell closer to the ground, in a sand, scrub or earth environment. To take part all you need is 20 minutes and your favourite outdoor space. Head to the website and register as a Counter today! And if you're a teacher, check out BirdLife Australia's Bird Count curriculum-based lesson plans to get your students (or the whole school!) involved

Australian Predators of the Sky by Penny Olsen - published by National Library of Australia

Australian Raven  Australian Wood Duck Family at Newport

A Week In Pittwater Issue 128   A Week In Pittwater - June 2014 Issue 168

Baby Birds Spring 2015 - Rainbow Lorikeets in our Yard - for Children Baby Birds by Lynleigh Greig, Southern Cross Wildlife Care - what do if being chased by a nesting magpie or if you find a baby bird on the ground

Baby Kookaburras in our Backyard: Aussie Bird Count 2016 - October

Balloons Are The Number 1 Marine Debris Risk Of Mortality For Our Seabirds - Feb 2019 Study

Bangalley Mid-Winter   Barrenjoey Birds Bird Antics This Week: December 2016

Bird of the Month February 2019 by Michael Mannington

Birdland Above the Estuary - October 2012  Birds At Our Window   Birds at our Window - Winter 2014  Birdland June 2016

Birdsong Is a Lovesong at This time of The Year - Brown Falcon, Little Wattle Bird, Australian Pied cormorant, Mangrove or Striated Heron, Great Egret, Grey Butcherbird, White-faced Heron 

Bird Songs – poems about our birds by youngsters from yesterdays - for children Bird Week 2015: 19-25 October

Bird Songs For Spring 2016 For Children by Joanne Seve

Birds at Careel Creek this Week - November 2017: includes Bird Count 2017 for Local Birds - BirdLife Australia by postcode

Black Cockatoo photographed in the Narrabeen Catchment Reserves this week by Margaret G Woods - July 2019

Black-Necked Stork, Mycteria Australis, Now Endangered In NSW, Once Visited Pittwater: Breeding Pair shot in 1855

Black Swans on Narrabeen Lagoon - April 2013   Black Swans Pictorial

Brush Turkeys In Suburbia: There's An App For That - Citizen Scientists Called On To Spot Brush Turkeys In Their Backyards
Buff-banded Rail spotted at Careel Creek 22.12.2012: a breeding pair and a fluffy black chick

Cayley & Son - The life and Art of Neville Henry Cayley & Neville William Cayley by Penny Olsen - great new book on the art works on birds of these Australian gentlemen and a few insights from the author herself
Crimson Rosella - + Historical Articles on

Death By 775 Cuts: How Conservation Law Is Failing The Black-Throated Finch - new study 'How to Send a Finch Extinct' now published

Eastern Rosella - and a little more about our progression to protecting our birds instead of exporting them or decimating them.

Endangered Little Tern Fishing at Mona Vale Beach

‘Feather Map of Australia’: Citizen scientists can support the future of Australia's wetland birds: for Birdwatchers, school students and everyone who loves our estuarine and lagoon and wetland birds

First Week of Spring 2014

Fledgling Common Koel Adopted by Red Wattlebird -Summer Bird fest 2013  Flegdlings of Summer - January 2012

Flocks of Colour by Penny Olsen - beautiful new Bird Book Celebrates the 'Land of the Parrots'

Friendly Goose at Palm Beach Wharf - Pittwater's Own Mother Goose

Front Page Issue 177  Front Page Issue 185 Front Page Issue 193 - Discarded Fishing Tackle killing shorebirds Front Page Issue 203 - Juvenile Brush Turkey  Front Page Issue 208 - Lyrebird by Marita Macrae Front Page Issue 219  Superb Fairy Wren Female  Front Page Issue 234National Bird Week October 19-25  and the 2015 the Aussie Back Yard Bird Count: Australia's First Bird Counts - a 115 Year Legacy - with a small insight into our first zoos Front Page Issue 236: Bird Week 2015 Front Page Issue 244: watebirds Front Page Issue 260: White-face Heron at Careel Creek Front Page Issue 283: Pittwater + more birds for Bird Week/Aussie Bird Count  Front Page Issue 284: Pittwater + more birds for Bird Week/Aussie Bird Count Front Page Issue 285: Bird Week 2016  Front Page Issue 331: Spring Visitor Birds Return

G . E. Archer Russell (1881-1960) and His Passion For Avifauna From Narrabeen To Newport 

Glossy Black-Cockatoo Returns To Pittwater by Paul Wheeler Glossy Cockatoos - 6 spotted at Careel Bay February 2018

Grey Butcher Birds of Pittwater

Harry Wolstenholme (June 21, 1868 - October 14, 1930) Ornithologist Of Palm Beach, Bird Man Of Wahroonga 

INGLESIDE LAND RELEASE ON AGAIN BUT MANY CHALLENGES  AHEAD by David Palmer

Issue 60 May 2012 Birdland - Smiles- Beamings -Early -Winter - Blooms

Jayden Walsh’s Northern Beaches Big Year - courtesy Pittwater Natural Heritage Association

John Gould's Extinct and Endangered Mammals of Australia  by Dr. Fred Ford - Between 1850 and 1950 as many mammals disappeared from the Australian continent as had disappeared from the rest of the world between 1600 and 2000! Zoologist Fred Ford provides fascinating, and often poignant, stories of European attitudes and behaviour towards Australia's native fauna and connects these to the animal's fate today in this beautiful new book - our interview with the author

July 2012 Pittwater Environment Snippets; Birds, Sea and Flowerings

Juvenile Sea Eagle at Church Point - for children

King Parrots in Our Front Yard  

Kookaburra Turf Kookaburra Fledglings Summer 2013  Kookaburra Nesting Season by Ray Chappelow  Kookaburra Nest – Babies at 1.5 and 2.5 weeks old by Ray Chappelow  Kookaburra Nest – Babies at 3 and 4 weeks old by Ray Chappelow  Kookaburra Nest – Babies at 5 weeks old by Ray Chappelow Kookaburra and Pittwater Fledglings February 2020 to April 2020

Lion Island's Little Penguins (Fairy Penguins) Get Fireproof Homes - thanks to NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service and the Fix it Sisters Shed

Lorikeet - Summer 2015 Nectar

Lyre Bird Sings in Local National Park - Flock of Black Cockatoos spotted - June 2019

Magpie's Melodic Melodies - For Children (includes 'The Magpie's Song' by F S Williamson)

Masked Lapwing (Plover) - Reflected

May 2012 Birdland Smiles Beamings Early Winter Blooms 

Mistletoebird At Bayview

Musk Lorikeets In Pittwater: Pittwater Spotted Gum Flower Feast - May 2020

Nankeen Kestrel Feasting at Newport: May 2016

National Bird Week 2014 - Get Involved in the Aussie Backyard Bird Count: National Bird Week 2014 will take place between Monday 20 October and Sunday 26 October, 2014. BirdLife Australia and the Birds in Backyards team have come together to launch this year’s national Bird Week event the Aussie Backyard Bird Count! This is one the whole family can do together and become citizen scientists...

National Bird Week October 19-25  and the 2015 the Aussie Back Yard Bird Count: Australia's First Bird Counts - a 115 Year Legacy - with a small insight into our first zoos

Native Duck Hunting Season Opens in Tasmania and Victoria March 2018: hundreds of thousands of endangered birds being killed - 'legally'!

Nature 2015 Review Earth Air Water Stone

New Family of Barking Owls Seen in Bayview - Church Point by Pittwater Council

Noisy Visitors by Marita Macrae of PNHA 

Odes to Australia's Fairy-wrens by Douglas Brooke Wheelton Sladen and Constance Le Plastrier 1884 and 1926

Oystercatcher and Dollarbird Families - Summer visitors

Pacific Black Duck Bath

Painted Button-Quail Rescued By Locals - Elanora-Ingleside escarpment-Warriewood wetlands birds

Palm Beach Protection Group Launch, Supporters InvitedSaturday Feb.16th - Residents Are Saying 'NO' To Off-Leash Dogs In Station Beach Eco-System - reports over 50 dogs a day on Station Beach throughout December-January (a No Dogs Beach) small children being jumped on, Native birds chased, dog faeces being left, families with toddlers leaving beach to get away from uncontrolled dogs and 'Failure of Process' in council 'consultation' open to February 28th 

Pardalote, Scrub Wren and a Thornbill of Pittwater

Pecking Order by Robyn McWilliam

Pelican Lamps at Narrabeen  Pelican Dreamsong - A Legend of the Great Flood - dreamtime legend for children

Pittwater Becalmed  Pittwater Birds in Careel Creek Spring 2018   Pittwater Waterbirds Spring 2011  Pittwater Waterbirds - A Celebration for World Oceans Day 2015

Pittwater's Little Penguin Colony: The Saving of the Fairies of Lion Island Commenced 65 Years Ago this Year - 2019

Pittwater's Mother Nature for Mother's Day 2019

Pittwater's Waterhens: Some Notes - Narrabeen Creek Bird Gathering: Curious Juvenile Swamp Hen On Warriewood Boardwalk + Dusky Moorhens + Buff Banded Rails In Careel Creek

Plastic in 99 percent of seabirds by 2050 by CSIRO

Plover Appreciation Day September 16th 2015

Powerful and Precious by Lynleigh Grieg

Red Wattlebird Song - November 2012

Restoring The Diamond: every single drop. A Reason to Keep Dogs and Cats in at Night. 

Return Of Australasian Figbird Pair: A Reason To Keep The Trees - Aussie Bird Count 2023 (16–22 October) You can get involved here: aussiebirdcount.org.au

Salt Air Creatures Feb.2013

Scaly-breasted Lorikeet

Sea Birds off the Pittwater Coast: Albatross, Gannet, Skau + Australian Poets 1849, 1898 and 1930, 1932

Sea Eagle Juvenile at Church Point

Seagulls at Narrabeen Lagoon

Seen but Not Heard: Lilian Medland's Birds - Christobel Mattingley - one of Australia's premier Ornithological illustrators was a Queenscliff lady - 53 of her previously unpublished works have now been made available through the auspices of the National Library of Australia in a beautiful new book

7 Little Ducklings: Just Keep Paddling - Australian Wood Duck family take over local pool by Peta Wise 

Shag on a North Avalon Rock -  Seabirds for World Oceans Day 2012

Short-tailed Shearwaters Spring Migration 2013 

South-West North-East Issue 176 Pictorial

Spring 2012 - Birds are Splashing - Bees are Buzzing

Spring Becomes Summer 2014- Royal Spoonbill Pair at Careel Creek

Spring Notes 2018 - Royal Spoonbill in Careel Creek

Station Beach Off Leash Dog Area Proposal Ignores Current Uses Of Area, Environment, Long-Term Fauna Residents, Lack Of Safe Parking and Clearly Stated Intentions Of Proponents have your say until February 28, 2019

Summer 2013 BirdFest - Brown Thornbill  Summer 2013 BirdFest- Canoodlers and getting Wet to Cool off  Summer 2013 Bird Fest - Little Black Cormorant   Summer 2013 BirdFest - Magpie Lark

The Mopoke or Tawny Frogmouth – For Children - A little bit about these birds, an Australian Mopoke Fairy Story from 91 years ago, some poems and more - photo by Adrian Boddy
Winter Bird Party by Joanne Seve

New Shorebirds WingThing  For Youngsters Available To Download

A Shorebirds WingThing educational brochure for kids (A5) helps children learn about shorebirds, their life and journey. The 2021 revised brochure version was published in February 2021 and is available now. You can download a file copy here.

If you would like a free print copy of this brochure, please send a self-addressed envelope with A$1.10 postage (or larger if you would like it unfolded) affixed to: BirdLife Australia, Shorebird WingThing Request, 2-05Shorebird WingThing/60 Leicester St, Carlton VIC 3053.


Shorebird Identification Booklet

The Migratory Shorebird Program has just released the third edition of its hugely popular Shorebird Identification Booklet. The team has thoroughly revised and updated this pocket-sized companion for all shorebird counters and interested birders, with lots of useful information on our most common shorebirds, key identification features, sighting distribution maps and short articles on some of BirdLife’s shorebird activities. 

The booklet can be downloaded here in PDF file format: http://www.birdlife.org.au/documents/Shorebird_ID_Booklet_V3.pdf

Paper copies can be ordered as well, see http://www.birdlife.org.au/projects/shorebirds-2020/counter-resources for details.

Download BirdLife Australia's children’s education kit to help them learn more about our wading birdlife

Shorebirds are a group of wading birds that can be found feeding on swamps, tidal mudflats, estuaries, beaches and open country. For many people, shorebirds are just those brown birds feeding a long way out on the mud but they are actually a remarkably diverse collection of birds including stilts, sandpipers, snipe, curlews, godwits, plovers and oystercatchers. Each species is superbly adapted to suit its preferred habitat.  The Red-necked Stint is as small as a sparrow, with relatively short legs and bill that it pecks food from the surface of the mud with, whereas the Eastern Curlew is over two feet long with a exceptionally long legs and a massively curved beak that it thrusts deep down into the mud to pull out crabs, worms and other creatures hidden below the surface.

Some shorebirds are fairly drab in plumage, especially when they are visiting Australia in their non-breeding season, but when they migrate to their Arctic nesting grounds, they develop a vibrant flush of bright colours to attract a mate. We have 37 types of shorebirds that annually migrate to Australia on some of the most lengthy and arduous journeys in the animal kingdom, but there are also 18 shorebirds that call Australia home all year round.

What all our shorebirds have in common—be they large or small, seasoned traveller or homebody, brightly coloured or in muted tones—is that each species needs adequate safe areas where they can successfully feed and breed.

The National Shorebird Monitoring Program is managed and supported by BirdLife Australia. 

This project is supported by Glenelg Hopkins Catchment Management Authority and Hunter Local Land Services through funding from the Australian Government’s National Landcare Program. Funding from Helen Macpherson Smith Trust and Port Phillip Bay Fund is acknowledged. 

The National Shorebird Monitoring Program is made possible with the help of over 1,600 volunteers working in coastal and inland habitats all over Australia. 

The National Shorebird Monitoring program (started as the Shorebirds 2020 project initiated to re-invigorate monitoring around Australia) is raising awareness of how incredible shorebirds are, and actively engaging the community to participate in gathering information needed to conserve shorebirds. 

In the short term, the destruction of tidal ecosystems will need to be stopped, and our program is designed to strengthen the case for protecting these important habitats. 

In the long term, there will be a need to mitigate against the likely effects of climate change on a species that travels across the entire range of latitudes where impacts are likely. 

The identification and protection of critical areas for shorebirds will need to continue in order to guard against the potential threats associated with habitats in close proximity to nearly half the human population. 

Here in Australia, the place where these birds grow up and spend most of their lives, continued monitoring is necessary to inform the best management practice to maintain shorebird populations. 

BirdLife Australia believe that we can help secure a brighter future for these remarkable birds by educating stakeholders, gathering information on how and why shorebird populations are changing, and working to grow the community of people who care about shorebirds.

To find out more visit: http://www.birdlife.org.au/projects/shorebirds-2020/shorebirds-2020-program

Surfers for Climate

A sea-roots movement dedicated to mobilising and empowering surfers for continuous and positive climate action.

Surfers for Climate are coming together in lineups around the world to be the change we want to see.

With roughly 35 million surfers across the globe, our united tribe has a powerful voice. 

Add yours to the conversation by signing up here.

Surfers for Climate will keep you informed, involved and active on both the local and global issues and solutions around the climate crisis via our allies hub. 

Help us prevent our favourite spots from becoming fading stories of waves we used to surf.

Together we can protect our oceans and keep them thriving for future generations to create lifelong memories of their own.

Visit:  http://www.surfersforclimate.org.au/

Create a Habitat Stepping Stone!

Over 50 Pittwater households have already pledged to make a difference for our local wildlife, and you can too! Create a habitat stepping stone to help our wildlife out. It’s easy - just add a few beautiful habitat elements to your backyard or balcony to create a valuable wildlife-friendly stopover.

How it works

1) Discover: Visit the website below to find dozens of beautiful plants, nest boxes and water elements you can add to your backyard or balcony to help our local wildlife.

2) Pledge: Select three or more elements to add to your place. You can even show you care by choosing to have a bird appear on our online map.

3) Share: Join the Habitat Stepping Stones Facebook community to find out what’s happening in the natural world, and share your pics, tips and stories.

What you get                                  

• Enjoy the wonders of nature, right outside your window. • Free and discounted plants for your garden. • A Habitat Stepping Stone plaque for your front fence. • Local wildlife news and tips. • Become part of the Pittwater Habitat Stepping Stones community.

Get the kids involved and excited about helping out! www.HabitatSteppingStones.org.au

No computer? No problem -Just write to the address below and we’ll mail you everything you need. Habitat Stepping Stones, Department of Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University NSW 2109. This project is assisted by the NSW Government through its Environmental Trust

Newport Community Gardens

Anyone interested in joining our community garden group please feel free to come and visit us on Sunday at 10am at the Woolcott Reserve in Newport!


Keep in Touch with what's happening on Newport Garden's Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/newportcg/

Avalon Preservation Association


The Avalon Preservation Association, also known as Avalon Preservation Trust. We are a not for profit volunteer community group incorporated under the NSW Associations Act, established 50 years ago. We are committed to protecting your interests – to keeping guard over our natural and built environment throughout the Avalon area.

Membership of the association is open to all those residents and/or ratepayers of Avalon Beach and adjacent areas who support the aims and objectives of our Association.

Report illegal dumping

NSW Government

The RIDonline website lets you report the types of waste being dumped and its GPS location. Photos of the waste can also be added to the report.

The Environment Protection Authority (EPA), councils and Regional Illegal Dumping (RID) squads will use this information to investigate and, if appropriate, issue a fine or clean-up notice. Penalties for illegal dumping can be up to $15,000 and potential jail time for anybody caught illegally dumping within five years of a prior illegal dumping conviction.

The Green Team

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This Youth-run, volunteer-based environment initiative has been attracting high praise from the founders of Living Ocean as much as other local environment groups recently. 
Creating Beach Cleans events, starting their own, sustainability days - ‘action speaks louder than words’ ethos is at the core of this group. 

Australian Native Foods website: http://www.anfil.org.au/

Wildlife Carers and Organisations in Pittwater:

Sydney Wildlife rescues, rehabilitates and releases sick, injured and orphaned native wildlife. From penguins, to possums and parrots, native wildlife of all descriptions passes through the caring hands of Sydney Wildlife rescuers and carers on a daily basis. We provide a genuine 24 hour, 7 day per week emergency advice, rescue and care service.

As well as caring for sick, injured and orphaned native wildlife, Sydney Wildlife is also involved in educating the community about native wildlife and its habitat. We provide educational talks to a wide range of groups and audiences including kindergartens, scouts, guides, a wide range of special interest groups and retirement villages. Talks are tailored to meet the needs and requirements of each group. 

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Found an injured native animal? We're here to help.

Keep the animal contained, warm, quiet and undisturbed. Do not offer any food or water. Call Sydney Wildlife immediately on 9413 4300, or take the animal to your nearest vet. Generally there is no charge. Find out more at: www.sydneywildlife.org.au

Southern Cross Wildlife Care was launched over 6 years ago. It is the brainchild of Dr Howard Ralph, the founder and chief veterinarian. SCWC was established solely for the purpose of treating injured, sick and orphaned wildlife. No wild creature in need that passes through our doors is ever rejected. 

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People can assist SCWC by volunteering their skills ie: veterinary; medical; experienced wildlife carers; fundraising; "IT" skills; media; admin; website etc. We are always having to address the issue of finances as we are a non commercial veterinary service for wildlife in need, who obviously don't have cheque books in their pouches. It is a constant concern and struggle of ours when we are pre-occupied with the care and treatment of the escalating amount of wildlife that we have to deal with. Just becoming a member of SCWC for $45 a year would be a great help. Regular monthly donations however small, would be a wonderful gift and we could plan ahead knowing that we had x amount of funds that we could count on. Our small team of volunteers are all unpaid even our amazing vet Howard, so all funds raised go directly towards our precious wildlife. SCWC is TAX DEDUCTIBLE.

Find out more at: southerncrosswildlifecare.org.au/wp/

Avalon Community Garden

Community Gardens bring people together and enrich communities. They build a sense of place and shared connection.

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Avalon Community Garden is a community led initiative to create accessible food gardens in public places throughout the Pittwater area. Our aim is to share skills and knowledge in creating fabulous local, organic food. But it's not just about great food. We also aim to foster community connection, stimulate creative ideas for community resilience and celebrate our abundance. Open to all ages and skills, our first garden is on the grounds of Barrenjoey High School (off Tasman Road)Become part of this exciting initiative to change the world locally. 

Avalon Community Garden
2 Tasman Road
North Avalon

Newport Community Garden: Working Bee Second Sunday of the month

Newport Community Gardens Inc. is a not for profit incorporated association. The garden is in Woolcott Reserve.

Objectives
Local Northern Beaches residents creating sustainable gardens in public spaces
Strengthening the local community, improving health and reconnecting with nature
To establish ecologically sustainable gardens for the production of vegetables, herbs, fruit and companion plants within Pittwater area 
To enjoy and forge friendships through shared gardening.
Membership is open to all Community members willing to participate in establishing gardens and growing sustainable food.
Subscription based paid membership.
We meet at the garden between 9am – 12 noon
New members welcome

For enquiries contact newportcommunitygardenau@gmail.com

Living Ocean


Living Ocean was born in Whale Beach, on the Northern Beaches of Sydney, surrounded by water and set in an area of incredible beauty.
Living Ocean is a charity that promotes the awareness of human impact on the ocean, through research, education, creative activity in the community, and support of others who sustain ocean health and integrity.

And always celebrating and honouring the natural environment and the lifestyle that the ocean offers us.

Our whale research program builds on research that has been conducted off our coastline by our experts over many years and our Centre for Marine Studies enables students and others to become directly involved.

Through partnerships with individuals and organizations, we conceive, create and coordinate campaigns that educate all layers of our community – from our ‘No Plastic Please’ campaign, which is delivered in partnership with local schools, to film nights and lectures, aimed at the wider community.

Additionally, we raise funds for ocean-oriented conservation groups such as Sea Shepherd.

Donations are tax-deductable 
Permaculture Northern Beaches

Want to know where your food is coming from? 

Do you like to enrich the earth as much as benefit from it?

Find out more here:

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What Does PNHA do?

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About Pittwater Natural Heritage Association (PNHA)
With urbanisation, there are continuing pressures that threaten the beautiful natural environment of the Pittwater area. Some impacts are immediate and apparent, others are more gradual and less obvious. The Pittwater Natural Heritage Association has been formed to act to protect and preserve the Pittwater areas major and most valuable asset - its natural heritage. PNHA is an incorporated association seeking broad based community membership and support to enable it to have an effective and authoritative voice speaking out for the preservation of Pittwater's natural heritage. Please contact us for further information.

Our Aims
  • To raise public awareness of the conservation value of the natural heritage of the Pittwater area: its landforms, watercourses, soils and local native vegetation and fauna.
  • To raise public awareness of the threats to the long-term sustainability of Pittwater's natural heritage.
  • To foster individual and community responsibility for caring for this natural heritage.
  • To encourage Council and the NSW Government to adopt and implement policies and works which will conserve, sustain and enhance the natural heritage of Pittwater.
Act to Preserve and Protect!
If you would like to join us, please fill out the Membership Application Form ($20.00 annually - $10 concession)

Email: pnhainfo@gmail.com Or click on Logo to visit website.

Think before you print ; A kilo of recycled paper creates around 1.8 kilograms of carbon emissions, without taking into account the emissions produced from transporting the paper. So, before you send a document to print, think about how many kilograms of carbon emissions you could save by reading it on screen.

Friends Of Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment Activities

Bush Regeneration - Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment  
This is a wonderful way to become connected to nature and contribute to the health of the environment.  Over the weeks and months you can see positive changes as you give native species a better chance to thrive.  Wildlife appreciate the improvement in their habitat.

Belrose area - Thursday mornings 
Belrose area - Weekend mornings by arrangement
Contact: Phone or text Conny Harris on 0432 643 295

Wheeler Creek - Wednesday mornings 9-11am
Contact: Phone or text Judith Bennett on 0402 974 105
Or email: Friends of Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment : email@narrabeenlagoon.org.au

Pittwater's Environmental Foundation

Pittwater Environmental Foundation was established in 2006 to conserve and enhance the natural environment of the Pittwater local government area through the application of tax deductible donations, gifts and bequests. The Directors were appointed by Pittwater Council. 

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About 33% (about 1600 ha excluding National Parks) of the original pre-European bushland in Pittwater remains in a reasonably natural or undisturbed condition. Of this, only about 400ha remains in public ownership. All remaining natural bushland is subject to encroachment, illegal clearing, weed invasion, feral animals, altered drainage, bushfire hazard reduction requirements and other edge effects. Within Pittwater 38 species of plants or animals are listed as endangered or threatened under the Threatened Species Act. There are two endangered populations (Koala and Squirrel Glider) and eight endangered ecological communities or types of bushland. To visit their site please click on logo above.

Avalon Boomerang Bags


Avalon Boomerang Bags was introduced to us by Surfrider Foundation and Living Ocean, they both helped organise with the support of Pittwater Council the Recreational room at Avalon Community Centre which we worked from each Tuesday. This is the Hub of what is a Community initiative to help free Avalon of single use plastic bags and to generally spread the word of the overuse of plastic. 

Find out more and get involved.

"I bind myself today to the power of Heaven, the light of the sun, the brightness of the moon, the splendour of fire, the flashing of lightning, the swiftness of wind, the depth of the sea, the stability of the earth, the compactness of rocks." -  from the Prayer of Saint Patrick